Forebrain/Limbic system

Question 1

sensory relay nuclei

Answer 1

VPL and VPM

Question 2

motor relay nuclei

Answer 2

VA and VL

Question 3

Limbic relay nuclei

Answer 3

anterior nucleus (AN) and lateral dorsal (LD)

Question 4

anterior nucleus and dorsomedial nucleus (DM) use ____ of internal capsule to get to the ____

Answer 4

anterior limb; cingulate gyrus (anterior nucleus) and prefrontal cortex (DM)

Question 5

what uses the posterior limb of the IC?

Answer 5

VA/VL to motor areas
motor areas to brainstem and spinal cord
VPL/VPM to somatosensory cortex

Question 6

medial geniculate nucleus uses the ____ part of the IC to get to the ____

Answer 6

sublenticular; auditory cortex

Question 7

Pulvinar/LP nucleus uses the ____ part of the IC to get to the _____

Answer 7

retrolenticular; POT association cortex

Question 8

lateral geniculate nucleus uses the ____ part of the IC to get to the _____

Answer 8

sublenticular and retrolenticular ; visual cortex (superior and inferior visual fields)

Question 9

3 main types of connections of the hypothalamus:

Answer 9

1. interconnected with the limbic system
2. output to pituitary
3. interconnects visceral/somatic nuclei

Question 10

superior border of the hypothalamus

Answer 10

hypothalamic sulcus

Question 11

anterior border of the hypothalamus

Answer 11

lamina terminalis

Question 12

posterior border of the hypothalamus

Answer 12

midbrain tegmentum

Question 13

medial and lateral borders of the hypothalamus

Answer 13

medial: 3rd ventricle
lateral: internal capsule

Question 14

inferior border of the hypothalamus

Answer 14

optic chiasm, tuber cinereum (contains median eminence), mammillary bodies

Question 15

parvocellular neuron axons end in _____

Answer 15

median eminence

Question 16

magnocellular neuron axons end in _____

Answer 16

posterior lobe of the pituitary (neurohypophysis)

Question 17

parvocellular neurons give rise to ____ tract to _____

Answer 17

tuberoinfundibular; infundibular capillary bed

Question 18

parvocellular neurons carry:

Answer 18

releasing or inhibiting hormones ; all peptides except prolactin IH

Question 19

two hormones released by separate neurons in paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei

Answer 19

antidiuretic hormone/vasopressin

oxytocin

Question 20

stimulation of anterior hypothalamus produces ____ effects, and stimulation of posterior hypothalamus produces ____ effects

Answer 20

parasympathetic; sympathetic

Question 21

axons from anterior/posterior hypothalamus project down brainstem and spinal cord in _____

Answer 21

dorsal longitudinal fasciculus

Question 22

interplay of ____ and ____ nuclei creates appestat or appetite set point which can be altered by serotonin

Answer 22

lateral; ventromedial

Question 23

effects of stimulating/lesioning lateral nucleus

Answer 23

stimulate: feeding
lesion: refuse food

Question 24

effects of stimulating/lesioning ventromedial nucleus

Answer 24

stimulate: refuse food
lesion: feeding

Question 25

afferents from hippocampus come from ____ and ____

Answer 25

septal nuclei; entorhinal cortex

Question 26

input from septal nuclei is ____ in nature; affects the chances that information in the hippocampus will be _____

Answer 26

modulatory; retained

Question 27

____ is the main source of input into the hippocampus; gets into from ____ (minor) and many other areas (major)

Answer 27

entorhinal cortex; olfactory

Question 28

3 distinct zones of the hippocampus

Answer 28

1. dentate gyrus
2. hippocampus proper (cornu ammonis)
3. subiculum- transition betw hippocampus proper and adjacent parahippocampal cortex

Question 29

the ____ is the direct continuation of the fimbria which contains axons from ____ and ____

Answer 29

fornix; subiculum; hippocampus (CA3)

Question 30

hippocampus has outputs from ____ and ____

Answer 30

subiculum; entorhinal cortex