Ear-Gross

Question 1

air space within the temporal bone (about 10x10x6 mm); serves as relay center for sound waves

Answer 1

tympanic cavity (middle ear cavity)

Question 2

2 regions of the tympanic cavity

Answer 2

tympanic cavity proper

epitympanic recess

Question 3

epitympanic recess is continuous with the ____ or doorway into the mastoid antrum and air cells

Answer 3

aditus

Question 4

middle ear cavity is also continuous anteriorly with the _____, which opens up into the ____

Answer 4

auditory tube; nasopharynx

Question 5

anterior 2/3 of the auditory tube is ____ and posterior 1/3 is ____

Answer 5

cartilaginous; bony (osseous)

Question 6

only ____ and ___ walls of the auditory tube are cartilaginous

Answer 6

superior; medial

Question 7

___ and ____ walls of the auditory tube are membranous

Answer 7

inferior; lateral

Question 8

____ m. (soft palate m.) runs along long axis of the auditory tube

Answer 8

levator veli palatini

Question 9

____ m. is at 90 degree angle to auditory tube and attaches to both cartilaginous and membranous portions

Answer 9

tensor veli palatini

Question 10

roof of the middle ear cavity

Answer 10

tegmen tympani

Question 11

formed by thin plate of tympanic portion of the temporal bone; separates the middle ear cavity from the jugular fossa

Answer 11

jugular wall (floor) of the middle ear cavity

Question 12

the jugular fossa contains the ____ of the internal jugular vein

Answer 12

superior jugular bulb

Question 13

protuberance facing tympanic membrane; on the medial wall of the middle ear cavity

Answer 13

promontory

Question 14

____ (oval window) receives the base of the ____

Answer 14

fenestra vestibuli; stapes

Question 15

_____ (round window) is membrane covered and inferior to oval

Answer 15

fenestra cochlea

Question 16

formed by thin plate of tympanic portion of temporal bone; separates middle ear cavity from carotid canal

Answer 16

carotid wall (anterior) of the middle ear cavity

Question 17

2 openings in the superior aspect of the carotid wall (anterior wall)

Answer 17

• auditory tube

- semicanal for tensor tympani m.

Question 18

the carotid canal is ____ and ____ to the jugular foramen

Answer 18

anterior; medial

Question 19

the posterior wall of the middle ear cavity is called the _____

Answer 19

mastoid wall

Question 20

hollow projection of bone on the mastoid wall

Answer 20

pyramidal eminence

Question 21

the pyramidal eminence serves as origin of ____ m.

Answer 21

stapedius

Question 22

entrance to the tympanic antrum, on the mastoid wall

Answer 22

aditus ad antrum

Question 23

aditus ad antrum leads ____ into mastoid air cells

Answer 23

posteriorly/inferiorly

Question 24

the ___ of the malleus is attached to the tympanic membrane

Answer 24

handle

Question 25

the ____ of the incus articulates with the stapes and the base of the stapes is attached to the ____

Answer 25

long limb; oval window

Question 26

the ossicles are lined with mucosal membrane which is _____ epithelium

Answer 26

simple squamous

Question 27

mm. associated with the middle ear

Answer 27

tensor tympani m. | stapedius m.

Question 28

tensor tympani m. is attached to the ____ and stapedius is attached to _____

Answer 28

manubrium of the malleus; neck of the stapes

Question 29

tensor tympani is innervated by ___ and stapedius is innervated by ____

Answer 29

CN V3; CN VII

Question 30

stapedius arises from cavity inside ____ and inserts into ____; pulls the head of stapes ____

Answer 30

pyramidal eminence; neck of stapes; posteriorly

Question 31

tensor tympani is contained in bony semicanal, ____ to auditory tube; tenses tympanic membrane by drawing it _____

Answer 31

superior; medially

Question 32

arterial supply of the middle ear via ____ branches of _____ branches

Answer 32

tympanic; carotid

Question 33

veins drain to ____ or _____

Answer 33

superior petrosal sinus; pterygoid plexus

Question 34

____ n. passes between malleus and incus

Answer 34

chorda tympani

Question 35

branch off geniculate ganglion of CN VII; carries presynaptic parasymp. fibers to pterygopalatine ganglion

Answer 35

greater petrosal n.

Question 36

tympanic plexus supplies ___ and ____

Answer 36

mastoid air cells; auditory tube

Question 37

tympanic plexus formed by ____ and _____

Answer 37

tympanic branch of CN IX (parasympathetic); caroticotympanic nn. (sympathetic)

Question 38

continuation of tympanic branch of CN IX; branch of tympanic plexus from CN IX

Answer 38

lesser petrosal n.

Question 39

lesser petrosal n. carries ____ fibers to the ____ to supply the ____

Answer 39

preganglionic parasympathetic; otic ganglion; parotid gland

Question 40

lesser petrosal n. runs from ____ to ____

Answer 40

hiatus of lesser petrosal n. ; foramen ovale

Question 41

part of internal ear that controls balance and position

Answer 41

semicircular canals

Question 42

part of internal ear that controls hearing

Answer 42

cochlea

Question 43

the oval window is the ____ of the cochlea that receives the ____

Answer 43

beginning; stapes

Question 44

the round window is the ___ of the cochlea that is closed by a membrane

Answer 44

end