Forebrain 2

Question 1

Each hemisphere is covered with

Answer 1

grey matter cerebral cortex

Question 2

How many layers does the neocortex have?

Answer 2

6

Question 3

Which layer do corticospinal axons arise from?

Answer 3

5

Question 4

Lobes of the cerebral hemisphere:

Answer 4

Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital

Question 5

Central sulcus (of Rolando)

Answer 5

separating the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe and the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex

Question 6

Lateral fissure / Sylvian fissure

Answer 6

The lateral sulcus divides both the frontal lobe and parietal lobe above from the temporal lobe below.

Question 7

Where is the third ventricle?

Answer 7

midline of diencephalon (thalamus/ hypothalamus)

Question 8

Important gyri in the frontal lobe

Answer 8

1. Precentral gyrus (nearer centre)
2. Superior frontal gyrus
3. Middle frontal gyrus
4. Inferior frontal gyrus

Question 9

Order of gyri in temporal lobe

Answer 9

highest - superior, middle, inferior

Question 10

Parieto-occipital sulcus

Answer 10

marks the boundary between the cuneus and precuneus, and also between the parietal and occipital lobes.
- involved with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex while planning

Question 11

Insular cortex

Answer 11

separating the temporal lobe from the parietal and frontal lobes
-> conciousness, emotion

Question 12

Brodmann areas of somatosensory cortex

Answer 12

3.1.2 from left to right

Question 13

Corticospinal neuronal cell bodies are found in the

Answer 13

motor cortices

Question 14

The corticospinal axons from the parietal lobe end in the ______ nuclei and _________ of the spinal cord and probably modulate ________

Answer 14

Dorsal column, dorsal horn, sensory functions

Question 15

Paracentral lobule

Answer 15

Continuation of precentral and postcentral gyri

• > controls motor and sensory innervations of the contralateral lower extremity
• control of defecation and urination

Question 16

Cingulate gyrus

Answer 16

Lies immediately above the corpus callosum

-> integral part of limbic system

Question 17

Calcarine sulcus

Answer 17

Begins near occipital pole runs to a point below corpus callosum where joined by acute angle parieto-occipital sulcus
-> V1

Question 18

Wernicke’s area

Answer 18

One of the most important functional areas for language.

Question 19

Difference between the planum temporale of each hemisphere

Answer 19

ten times larger in left than right

Question 20

Angular gyrus lesion shows

Answer 20

(on dominant hemisphere) symptoms of the Gerstmann syndrome: effects include finger tap agnosia, alexia (inability to read), acalculia (inability to use arithmetic operations), agraphia (inability to copy), and left-right confusion.

Question 21

Which broadman’s area is V1

Answer 21

17

Question 22

V1 lesion leads to

Answer 22

Cortical blindness and blindsight

Question 23

Broadmann area 7 is important for

Answer 23

visually guided movements

Question 24

Prosopagnosia

Answer 24

Can’t recognise faces - caused by lesion in right fusiform face area

Question 25

Parietal Lobe functions

Answer 25

body image; constructional ability (right side); arithmetic

Question 26

Which sulcus in the brain deals with sums?

Answer 26

Intraparietal sulcus

Question 27

Orbital gyri is divided by

Answer 27

a well marked H-shape into 4 orbital gyri