Forebrain 2 Flashcards
Each hemisphere is covered with
grey matter cerebral cortex
How many layers does the neocortex have?
6
Which layer do corticospinal axons arise from?
5
Lobes of the cerebral hemisphere:
Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital
Central sulcus (of Rolando)
separating the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe and the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex
Lateral fissure / Sylvian fissure
The lateral sulcus divides both the frontal lobe and parietal lobe above from the temporal lobe below.
Where is the third ventricle?
midline of diencephalon (thalamus/ hypothalamus)
Important gyri in the frontal lobe
- Precentral gyrus (nearer centre)
- Superior frontal gyrus
- Middle frontal gyrus
- Inferior frontal gyrus
Order of gyri in temporal lobe
highest - superior, middle, inferior
Parieto-occipital sulcus
marks the boundary between the cuneus and precuneus, and also between the parietal and occipital lobes.
- involved with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex while planning
Insular cortex
separating the temporal lobe from the parietal and frontal lobes
-> conciousness, emotion
Brodmann areas of somatosensory cortex
3.1.2 from left to right
Corticospinal neuronal cell bodies are found in the
motor cortices
The corticospinal axons from the parietal lobe end in the ______ nuclei and _________ of the spinal cord and probably modulate ________
Dorsal column, dorsal horn, sensory functions
Paracentral lobule
Continuation of precentral and postcentral gyri
- > controls motor and sensory innervations of the contralateral lower extremity
- control of defecation and urination
Cingulate gyrus
Lies immediately above the corpus callosum
-> integral part of limbic system
Calcarine sulcus
Begins near occipital pole runs to a point below corpus callosum where joined by acute angle parieto-occipital sulcus
-> V1
Wernicke’s area
One of the most important functional areas for language.
Difference between the planum temporale of each hemisphere
ten times larger in left than right
Angular gyrus lesion shows
(on dominant hemisphere) symptoms of the Gerstmann syndrome: effects include finger tap agnosia, alexia (inability to read), acalculia (inability to use arithmetic operations), agraphia (inability to copy), and left-right confusion.
Which broadman’s area is V1
17
V1 lesion leads to
Cortical blindness and blindsight
Broadmann area 7 is important for
visually guided movements
Prosopagnosia
Can’t recognise faces - caused by lesion in right fusiform face area
Parietal Lobe functions
body image; constructional ability (right side); arithmetic
Which sulcus in the brain deals with sums?
Intraparietal sulcus
Orbital gyri is divided by
a well marked H-shape into 4 orbital gyri
