forearm and elbow appraisal Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 5 points to focus when x-raying a patient ?

A

-Patient Position

-beam direction

-SID

-centring of x-ray beam

-Collimation

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2
Q

AP forearm- patient position (3 points)

A

Patient Position:

  • Patient supinates and extends arm
  • Radial and ulna styloid processes equidistant from IR along with humeral epicondyles
  • Shoulder and elbow on same level
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3
Q

AP forearm- beam direction (1 point)

A
  • Vertical, perpendicular to the IR
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4
Q

AP forearm- SID (1 point)

A
  • 100 - 115cm
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5
Q

AP forearm - Centring of X-ray beam (1 point)

A
  • Midway between wrist joint and elbow joint in middle of the arm
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6
Q

AP forearm - Collimation ( 1 point )

A

-Wrist joint, elbow joint and lateral soft tissue borders

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7
Q

forearm lateral, patient position (1 point)

A
  • Elbow flexed to 90°
  • Humerus internally rotated 90° so medial aspect of humerus, elbow, wrist in contact with the table
  • Superimpose radial and ulna styloid processes and humeral epicondyles
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8
Q

forearm lateral beam direction ( 1 point)

A

vertical perpendicular to IR

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9
Q

forearm lateral SID (1 point)

A

100-115

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10
Q

forearm lateral Centring of X-ray beam (1 point)

A
  • Mid-shaft of the radius and ulna in the middle of the arm
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11
Q

forearm lateral Collimation (1 point)

A
  • Wrist joint, elbow joint and lateral soft tissue borders
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12
Q

what are the two articulations for proximal radius ?

A

-Elbow joint (articulates with humerus)

-Proximal radioulnar joint: radial head & ulnar notch

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13
Q

AP elbow patient position

A

-Patient extends affected arm

-Posterior aspect in touch with IR

-Epicondyles equidistant from the IR

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14
Q

AP elbow beam direction

A

Vertical, perpendicular to the IR

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15
Q

AP elbow sid

A

100-115cm

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16
Q

AP elbow Centring of X-ray beam

A

2.5cm distal to the midway point between both epicondyles

17
Q

AP elbow collimation

A

Distal 1/3rd humerus, proximal 1/3rd radius and ulnar and lateral soft tissue borders

18
Q

lateral elbow patient position

A

Patient flexes affected arm to 90°

Wrist turned into a lateral position

Shoulder, elbow and wrist all on the same level

19
Q

lateral elbow
Centring of X-ray beam

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

20
Q

lateral elbow collimation

A

Distal 1/3rd humerus, proximal 1/3rd radius and ulnar and soft tissue borders

21
Q
A