forearm and elbow appraisal Flashcards
what are the 5 points to focus when x-raying a patient ?
-Patient Position
-beam direction
-SID
-centring of x-ray beam
-Collimation
AP forearm- patient position (3 points)
Patient Position:
- Patient supinates and extends arm
- Radial and ulna styloid processes equidistant from IR along with humeral epicondyles
- Shoulder and elbow on same level
AP forearm- beam direction (1 point)
- Vertical, perpendicular to the IR
AP forearm- SID (1 point)
- 100 - 115cm
AP forearm - Centring of X-ray beam (1 point)
- Midway between wrist joint and elbow joint in middle of the arm
AP forearm - Collimation ( 1 point )
-Wrist joint, elbow joint and lateral soft tissue borders
forearm lateral, patient position (1 point)
- Elbow flexed to 90°
- Humerus internally rotated 90° so medial aspect of humerus, elbow, wrist in contact with the table
- Superimpose radial and ulna styloid processes and humeral epicondyles
forearm lateral beam direction ( 1 point)
vertical perpendicular to IR
forearm lateral SID (1 point)
100-115
forearm lateral Centring of X-ray beam (1 point)
- Mid-shaft of the radius and ulna in the middle of the arm
forearm lateral Collimation (1 point)
- Wrist joint, elbow joint and lateral soft tissue borders
what are the two articulations for proximal radius ?
-Elbow joint (articulates with humerus)
-Proximal radioulnar joint: radial head & ulnar notch
AP elbow patient position
-Patient extends affected arm
-Posterior aspect in touch with IR
-Epicondyles equidistant from the IR
AP elbow beam direction
Vertical, perpendicular to the IR
AP elbow sid
100-115cm