Forearm Flashcards
Body of radius ?
Border:anterior,posterior,interosseous
Surface:anterior,posterior,lateral
Structures:oblique line at the anterior surface and roughening at the middle part for attachment of pronator tres muscle
Distal part of radius?
Lateral surface:styloid process
Posterior surface:dorsal tubercle (is like a قرقره for thumb extensor muscle )
Medial surface:ulnar notch
Looking from down to up :two articular facet;
Medial one :for lunate bone
Lateral one:for scaphoid
Body of ulna?
Borders:anterior,posterior,interosseous
Surface:anterior,medial,posterior
Structures:anterior:roughening for attachment of probator quadratus
Posterior:lines for attachment of muscles
Distal portion of ulna?
A round head with ulnar styloid process at the medial part
Distal radial ulnar joint?
Lets radius move forward and medial
A triangular artcular disc divides this joint from carpal bones
Interosseous memb?
At superior part has a window and at posterior part has an oval apeture (for passage of elements from anterior compartment to posterior
Collagen fibers orientation:jibi
What keeps forearm bones together while supination and pronation?
Radial anular ligament
Interosseous memb
Articular disc in distal radiulnar joint
Which muscles cause supination in wrist joint(hand)?
Biceps brachi and supinator
What muscles cause pronation of hand?
Pronator tres and probator quadratus
Pronator tres ?
Origin:medial epicondyl
Insertion:lateral surface of radius
Pronator quadratus?
Between ulna and radius bone
What is the main function of anterior compartment muscles?
Movment of wrost joint and flexion of digits and pronation
Nervation of anterior compartment of arm ?
Median nerve (be gheyr az flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of deep flexor of digits )
What are superficial muscles of anterior compartment of fore arm?
Pronator tres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi ulnaris?
Origin:humeral head:medial epicondyl
Ulnar head:olecranon and posterior surface of ulna
Insertion:pisiform bone then with pisiohamte and pisiometacarpal ligament attaches to hamate and metacarpal 5
Nerve:ulnar nerve (which passes from middle of two heads of this muscle )
Work:flexion and adduction of wrist joint
Palmaris longus?
Origin:medial epycondil
Insertion:palmar aponeurosis
Nerve:median nerve
Work:flexion of wrist joint and contraction of muscle while holding something
Flexor carpi radialis mucle?
Origin:medual epicondyl
Insertion:metacarpal bones 2 and 3
Nerve:median nerve
Work:flexion and abduction of wrist joint
Pronator tres muscle ?
Origin:humeral:medial epicondyl And suprasnpicondylar crest Ulnar:medial part of conoid process Nerve:median nerve Work:pronation of wrist joint
What is the musce of intermediate layer of anterior compartment of forearm?
Flexor digitrum superficialis
Flexor digitrum superficialis?
Orgin:humeral head:medial epicondyl
Radial head:onlique line
Ulnar artery and median nerve pass between these two heads
Insertion:4 tendon that attach to palmar surface of medial phalanx of index middle ring and small finger
Nerve:median nerve
Work:flexion of metacarpophalangial and proximal interphalangial joint and flexion of wrist joint
Miscles of deep layer of anterior compartment of forearm?
Flexor digitrum profundus
Flexor pollicia longus
Pronator quadratus
Flexor digitrum profundus?
Origin:ulnar head:anterior and posterior surface of ulna
Inter osseous memb head
Insertion:4 tendon which attach to distal phalanx of index and middle and ring and small finger
Nerve:index and middle : anterior interosseous nerve(from median nerve)
Ring and small :ulnar nerve
Work:flexion of metacarpophalangeal and distal interphalangeal and wrist joint
Flexor policis longus?
Origin: anterior surface of radius and radial half of inter osseous memb
Insertion:distal phalanx of thumb
Nerve :anterior interosseous artery
Work:flexion of distal interphalangeal and metacarpo phalangeal joint
Probator quadratus?
Origin:a tuberosity on the anterior surface of distal ulna
Insertion:anterior part of distal radius
Nerve:anterior interosseous artey
Work:pronation of wrist joint
Radial artery braches?
Recurrent radial artery
Carpal palmar artery
Superfucial palmar artery (which gives anastomoses with superficial palmar arch of ulna)
Radial artery feeds which parts of hand?
Thumb and lateral part of index finger
Branches of upnar artery in hand and forearm?
Recurrent ulnar
common interosseous
Carpal palmar
Branches to prepheral muscles
Posterior compartment of fore arm nerve?
Radial nerve
Superficial muscles of posterior compartment of forearm?
Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitrum Extensor digitiminimi Extensor carpi ulnaris Oncaneous
Brachioradialis muscle?
Origin:lateral supraepicondyl
Insertion:distal portion of radius near styloid process
Nerve:radial
Work:flexion of elbow joint while midpronation of forearm
Extensor carpi radialis?
Origin:supraepicondylar creat and lateral epicondyl
Insertion:metacarp 2
Nerve:radial nerve (taghsim nashode)
Work:extension and abduction of wrist joint
Extensor carpi radialis brevis ?
Origin:lateral epicondyl
Insertion:metacarp 2 and 3
Nerve:deep branch of radial nerve
Work:extension and abduction of wrist joint
Extensor digitrum?
Origin:lateral epicondyl
Insertion:middle and distal phalanges of 4 fingers
Nerve:posterior inter osseous nerve (haman deep radial nerve)
Work:main extensor of fingers
Extensor digiti minimi?
Origin:lateral epicondyl
Insertion:kolahake extensor small finger
Nerve:posterior interosseous nerve
Work:extension of small finger
Extensor carpi ulnaris ?
Origin:lateral epicondyl
Insertion:5th metacarp
Nerve:posterior inter osseous nerve
Work:extension and abduction of wrist joint
Anconeous?
Origin:lateral epicondyl
Insertion:posterior and lateral surface of olecranon and ulna
Nerve:radial branch which goes to triceps brachii
Work:abduction of ulna at pronation and extensor of wrist joint
Mucles of deep layer of posterior compartment of fore arm?
Supinator Abductor pollecis longus Extensor pollecis brevis Extensor pollecis longus Extensor indissis
What gives nerves to all muscles of deep layer of posterior compartment of fore arm?
Posterior inter osseous nerve
Supinator?
Orgin:two head:superficial:lateral epicondyl and anal ligameny and radial collateral ligament
Deep head:supinator crest on ulnar head
Insertion : superior part of oblique line on radius
Nerve:deep branch of radial
Work:supination of forearm and hand
Abductor pollecis longus?
Origin:posterior surface of ulna and radius and inter osseous memb
Insertion:metacarp 1
Nerve:posterior inter osseous
Work:abduction of thimb in metacarpo carpal joint (metacarp 1 and trapezium)
Extensor pollecis brevis?
Origin:radius and interosseous memb
Insertion:proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve:posterior interosseous memb
Work:extension of carpometacarpal and metacarpo phalangeal joint
Extensor pollecis longus?
Origin:ulna and interosseous memb
Insertion:distal phalanx of thumb(dore distal tubrcle of radius mizanad)
Nerve:posterior inter osseous nerve
Work:extension in all thumb joints
Extensor indicis?
Origin:posterior surface of ulna and interosseous memb
Insertion:proximal phalanx of index finger
Nerve:posterior interosseous
Work:extension of index finger
