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MSK Exam II > Forearm > Flashcards

Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

In general where do forearm flexors attach

A

medial epicondyle of humerus via common flexor tendon. “flexor epicondyle”

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2
Q

What are the layers of the forearm flexor compartment

A

superficial, intermediate and deep

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3
Q

what motions do the forearm flexors do

A

flex digits, flex abduct and adduct hand at the wrist

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4
Q

Are all forearm flexors innervated by same nerve

A

all but 1.5

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5
Q

origin and insertion of pronator teres

A

origin: humeral head- medial epicondyle by common flexor tendon
insertion: lateral surface, middle portion of shaft of radius

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6
Q

What is the action of pronator teres

A

pronates and slightly flexes forearm

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7
Q

what innervates pronator teres

A

median n

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8
Q

origin and insertion flexor carpi radialis

A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus by common flexor tendon
insertion: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal

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9
Q

action of flexor carpi radialis

A

flexes and wrist and abducts hand

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10
Q

what innervates flexor carpi radialis

A

median n

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11
Q

origin and insertion palmaris longus

A

origin: medial epicondyle of humerus by common flexor tendon
insertion: palmar aponeurosis

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12
Q

what is the action of palmaris longus

A

flexes at wrist

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13
Q

what innervates palmaris longus

A

median n

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14
Q

origin of the heads of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

humeral head- medial epicondyle of humerus

ulnar head- medial border of olecranon process and proximal dorsal surface of ulna

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15
Q

Insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

pisiform, hamulus of hammate, base of 5th metacarpal

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16
Q

what are the actions of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

flexes wrist and adducts hand

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17
Q

innervation of flexor carpi ulnaris

A

ulnar n

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18
Q

what is the specialized deep fascial around carpal bones

A

flexor retinaculum

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19
Q

what canal does the flexor retinaculum form and what is in it?

A

carpal tunnel- which has the tendons of intermed and deep mm and median n

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20
Q

what are the origins of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

humeroulnar head- medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
radial head- proximal 1/2 anterior border of radius

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21
Q

insertions of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

palmar aspect of middle phalanges digits 2-5

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22
Q

what are the actions of flexor digitorum superficialis

A

flexes proximal IP join and flex MP as well, wrist and forearm

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23
Q

what innervates flexor digitorum superficialis

A

median n

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24
Q

origin and insertion of flexor digitiorum profundus

A

origin: proximal 2/3 medial anterior surface of ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane
insertion: palmar surface of distal phalanges, digits 2-5

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25
action of flexor digitorum profundus
flexes distal IP joints, assists in flexion of proximal IP, MP and wrist joint
26
innervation to flexor digitorum profundus
lateral portion: digits 2&3 median N | medial portion: digits 4&5 ulnar n
27
origin and insertion of flexor pollicis longus
origin: ulna, anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseus membrane insertion: palmar surface, base of distal phalanx of thumb
28
what is the action of flexor pollicis longus
flexes thumb
29
what innervates flexor pollicis longus
median n
30
origin and insertion of pronator quadratus
origin: distal 1/4 of anterior surface of ulna insertion: distal 1/4 of anterior surface of radius
31
what is the action of pronator quadratus
pronates hand
32
what is the innervation of pronator quadratus
median n
33
what is the general proximal attachment of the forearm extensors
lateral epicondyles
34
how many layers is the extensor compartment organized into
superficial and deep
35
what action do the forearm extensors have on thumb
extension and abduction
36
do the extensors assist in supination of hand
yes
37
What innervates all the forearm extensors
radial nerve
38
what does the brachioradialis function as in the forearm
lateral boundary between flexor and extensor compartments
39
origin and insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus
origin: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus insertion: dorsal surface base of 2nd metacarpal
40
what is the action of extensor carpi radials longus
extends and abducts hand
41
origin and insertion of extensor carpi radialis brevis
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus insertion: dorsal surface base of 3rd metacarpal
42
what is the action of extensor carpi radialis brevis
extends and assists in abduction of the hand
43
origin and insertion of extensor digitorum
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus insertion: dorsal surface of middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
44
what is the action of extensor digitorum
extend digits 2-5 and assists in extension of hand
45
what unite the tendons of extensor digitorum as they cross dorsum of hand
intertendinous connections
46
how is the distal attachment of extensor digitorum different than others
extensor expansion over dorsum of proximal, middle and distal phalanges. attachment for lumbricals and interossei
47
origin and insertion of extensor digiti minimi
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus in common with extensor digitorum insertion: dorsal surface, proximal phalanx of 5th digit
48
what is the action of extensor digit minimi
extension of 5th digit
49
origin and insertion of extensor carpi ulnaris
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior border of ulna insertion: base of 5th metacarpal
50
what is the action of extensor carpi ulnaris
extends and adducts hand
51
mm in deep layer of extensor compartment
abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollici brevis and extensor pollicis longus. extensor indicis and supinator
52
origin and insertion of abductor pollicis longus
origin: middle 3rd posterior surface ulna, radius and interosseous membrane insertion: dorsolateral surface, base of 1st metacarpal
53
what is the action of abductor pollicis longus
abducts thumb and wrist, assists with extension of thumb
54
origin and insertion of extensor pollicis brevis
origin: distal 3rd posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane insertion: dorsal surface base of proximal phalanx of thumb
55
action of extensor pollicis brevis
extens proximal phalanx of thumb and first metacarpal
56
origin and insertion of extensor pollicis longus
origin: middle 3rd posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane insertion: dorsal surface base of distal phalanx of thumb
57
action of extensor pollicis longus
extends thumb IP and MP joint
58
what tendons form boundaries for anatomical snuff box
extensor pollicis brevis and longs, and abductor pollicis longus
59
what crosses anatomical snuff box superficially and deep
superficial- superfical branch of radial nerve | deep- radial artery and scaphoid
60
origin and insertion of extensor indicis
origin: distal 3rd posterior surface of ulna and interosseou membrane insertion: dorsum, base of distal phalanx of 2nd digit with extensor expansion
61
what is the action of extensor indicis
extends index finger
62
all fore arm extensors are in extensor retinaculum except what
supinator
63
origin and insertion of supinator
origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral lig of elbow joint, annular log of radial head, supinator fossa of ulna and associated crest insertion: lateral and anterior surface of proximal third of radius
64
action of supinator
supinates hand
65
which epicondyle of the humerus is larger
medial because have more flexors and they attach here
66
origin of muscles of pronation and supination. insertion?
ulna- origin | radius- insertion
67
what is the sesamoid bone in wrist
pisiform, sits in flexor carpi ulnaris
68
where does the flexor retinaculum attach
hook of ham mate, tubercle trapezium | pisiform and hook on scaphoid
69
what lays in first layer of flexors of forearm
pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris
70
what mm are in 2nd layer of flexors of forearm
flexor digitorum superficialis
71
what mm are in 3rd layer of flexors of forearm
flexor digitorum profundus, plexor pollicis longus
72
what mm are in the 4th layer of flexors of forearm
pronator quadratus
73
which layer of the forearm flexors has all mm attaching to medial epicondyle of humerus
first layer
74
which layer of the forearm flexors has its insertions on the distal ends of phalanges
third layer (flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus)
75
What mm are in the superficial layer of the forearm extensors
brachioradialis, extensor digitoru,, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi radialis longus, brevis and extensor carpi ulnaris
76
what mm are in the deep layer of the forearm extensors
extensor indicis, extensor pollicis longus and brevis, abductor pollicis longus, supinator, anconeus
77
What are the two branches of the brachial a
radial and ulnar
78
where does the radial a exit cubital fossa
deep to brachioradialis and superficial to the pronator teres
79
what structure does the radial a run with in the forearm
superficial branch of radial n
80
where is the termination of radial a
lateral dorsum of hand
81
What are the branches of the radial a
radial recurrent, muscular branches, palmar carpal and superficial palmar
82
what does radial recurrent anastomose with
radial collateral branch of deep brachial a
83
what does the palmar carpal branch of radial a anastomose with
palmar carpal branch of ulnar a and termination of anterior interosseous a to form palmar carpal network
84
Where is the superficial palmar branch of radial a
forms the superficial palmar arterial arch
85
where does the ulnar a exit cubital fossa
deep to pronator teres and next to median nerve
86
In the distal forearm what structure does the ulnar artery run with
ulnar nerve
87
does the ulnar a run in carpal tunnel
no over it and lateral to pisiform so it can form superficial palmar arterial arch
88
what are the branches of ulnar a
anterior ulnar recurrent, posterior ulnar recurrent, common interosseus (ant and post), muscular branches, palmar carpal branch, dorsal carpal branch and deep palmar branch
89
What are the branches of Median N
articular branch to elbow muscular bracnhes to all mm in anterior forearm excep flexor carpi ulnaris and to palmar cutaneous branch(proximal to retinaculum)
90
What innervates flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus and pronator quadratus
anterior interosseous nerve of median n
91
What are the branches of Ulnar N
articular branches to elbow joint mm branches to flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar portion of flexor digitorum profundus cutaneous branches to the hand which arise in the forearm
92
What are the branches of Radial N
superficial and deep
93
what is another name for deep radial nerve
posterior interosseous nerve

MSK Exam II (10 decks)

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