Axilla Flashcards
What is the name for the passageway that the axilla provides
cervicoaxillary canal
What is the apex of the axilla
junction of clavicle, scapula and first rib forming the canal
What is the base of the axilla
axillary fascia
What is the posterior wall of the axilla
scapula with associated musculature: subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
What is the medial wall of the axilla
ribs 1-4 or 5 with associated intercostal musculature covered by the serratus anterior m
what is the lateral boundary of the axilla
junction of the anterior and posterior axillary walls at the intertubercular groove
What are the generalized contents of the axilla
axillary a and its branches, axillary vein and tributaries, cords and branches of brachial plexus
proximal portions of long and short heads of biceps brachia and coracobrachialis mm
axillary lymph nodes and fat
What forms the axillary sheath and what does in surround
extension of pre vertebral cervical fascia
axillary a vein and cords of brachial plexus
Where is the axillary artery
continuation of subclavian - lateral border of 1st rib, becomes brachial a distal to inferior border of the teres major
How many areas is the axillary divisible into
three because passage posterior to pectorals minor m
What are the branches of axillary a medial to pec minor
supreme or highest thoracic a- from the inferior surface of axillary a
What area does the supreme thoracic a supply
first and second anterior intercostal areas
What are the branches of axillary a posterior to pec minor
thoracoacromial a
lateral thoracic a
Where does thoracoacromial a arise from
posterior to pec minor, courses medially and pierces the costocoracoid membrane. Possesses short trunk and divides into 4 branches
What are the 4 branches of thoracoacromial trunk
acromial, clavicular, deltoid and pectoral
where does lateral thoracic a arise from
behind pectoralis minor and courses inferiorly parallel to its lateral border.
What do the branches from lateral thoracic a supply
lateral intercostal spaces, serratus anterior, pectoralis major and minor and the mammary gland
What branches from axillary a are found lateral to pec minor
subscapular a, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral a
What is the largest and most variable branch of axillary a
subscapular
what branches does subscapular a give off
circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal a
where does the circumflex scapular a go
posterioly through triangular space of axilla to participate in scapular anastomosis
Where does the thoracodorsal a go
parallels thoracodorsal nerve on surface of lat dorsi
Which branch of the the trunk giving off circumflex humeral a is the smallest
anterior circumflex humeral a
Where does the axillary vein lay in regards to axillary artery distally? proximally?
distally: medial to artery
proximally: anterior to artery
What forms axillary vein
union of basilic vein with brachial vv
Tributaries of axillary vein are named after what
the arteries they parallel
What joins the axillary vein at the superior border of pec minor
cephalic vein
Where does the axillary vein become subclavian
lateral border of first rib
What to the superficial lymphatics drain
subcutaneous structures and drain from dorsum ventrally and from distal proximally
What path do lymphatic collecting ducts take
course of superficial veins and end up in lateral axillary nodes
do all lateral collecting ducts empty into axillary nodes
no- soem end in apical group via traveling along cephalic vein
What do deep lymphatics drain
periosteum, joint capsules, tendons and some m
where do the collecting ducts of deep lymphatics travel
parallel course of major aa and drain to lateral and central axillary lymph nodes
How many axillary lymph nodes do we have
20-30
what are the 5 groups of nodes in the axilla
pectoral, lateral, subscapular, central, apical
which axillary lymph node groups are found interior to tendon of pec minor
pectoral, lateral, subscapular, and central
All axillary nodes are infraclavicular T or F
True
Why does the limb of a mastectomy look like if axillary lympoh nodes are taken out as well
edematous (swollen) because lymph drainage is impaired
