Axilla

Question 1

What is the name for the passageway that the axilla provides

Answer 1

cervicoaxillary canal

Question 2

What is the apex of the axilla

Answer 2

junction of clavicle, scapula and first rib forming the canal

Question 3

What is the base of the axilla

Answer 3

axillary fascia

Question 4

What is the posterior wall of the axilla

Answer 4

scapula with associated musculature: subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi

Question 5

What is the medial wall of the axilla

Answer 5

ribs 1-4 or 5 with associated intercostal musculature covered by the serratus anterior m

Question 6

what is the lateral boundary of the axilla

Answer 6

junction of the anterior and posterior axillary walls at the intertubercular groove

Question 7

What are the generalized contents of the axilla

Answer 7

axillary a and its branches, axillary vein and tributaries, cords and branches of brachial plexus
proximal portions of long and short heads of biceps brachia and coracobrachialis mm
axillary lymph nodes and fat

Question 8

What forms the axillary sheath and what does in surround

Answer 8

extension of pre vertebral cervical fascia

axillary a vein and cords of brachial plexus

Question 9

Where is the axillary artery

Answer 9

continuation of subclavian - lateral border of 1st rib, becomes brachial a distal to inferior border of the teres major

Question 10

How many areas is the axillary divisible into

Answer 10

three because passage posterior to pectorals minor m

Question 11

What are the branches of axillary a medial to pec minor

Answer 11

supreme or highest thoracic a- from the inferior surface of axillary a

Question 12

What area does the supreme thoracic a supply

Answer 12

first and second anterior intercostal areas

Question 13

What are the branches of axillary a posterior to pec minor

Answer 13

thoracoacromial a

lateral thoracic a

Question 14

Where does thoracoacromial a arise from

Answer 14

posterior to pec minor, courses medially and pierces the costocoracoid membrane. Possesses short trunk and divides into 4 branches

Question 15

What are the 4 branches of thoracoacromial trunk

Answer 15

acromial, clavicular, deltoid and pectoral

Question 16

where does lateral thoracic a arise from

Answer 16

behind pectoralis minor and courses inferiorly parallel to its lateral border.

Question 17

What do the branches from lateral thoracic a supply

Answer 17

lateral intercostal spaces, serratus anterior, pectoralis major and minor and the mammary gland

Question 18

What branches from axillary a are found lateral to pec minor

Answer 18

subscapular a, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral a

Question 19

What is the largest and most variable branch of axillary a

Answer 19

subscapular

Question 20

what branches does subscapular a give off

Answer 20

circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal a

Question 21

where does the circumflex scapular a go

Answer 21

posterioly through triangular space of axilla to participate in scapular anastomosis

Question 22

Where does the thoracodorsal a go

Answer 22

parallels thoracodorsal nerve on surface of lat dorsi

Question 23

Which branch of the the trunk giving off circumflex humeral a is the smallest

Answer 23

anterior circumflex humeral a

Question 24

Where does the axillary vein lay in regards to axillary artery distally? proximally?

Answer 24

distally: medial to artery
proximally: anterior to artery

Question 25

What forms axillary vein

Answer 25

union of basilic vein with brachial vv

Question 26

Tributaries of axillary vein are named after what

Answer 26

the arteries they parallel

Question 27

What joins the axillary vein at the superior border of pec minor

Answer 27

cephalic vein

Question 28

Where does the axillary vein become subclavian

Answer 28

lateral border of first rib

Question 29

What to the superficial lymphatics drain

Answer 29

subcutaneous structures and drain from dorsum ventrally and from distal proximally

Question 30

What path do lymphatic collecting ducts take

Answer 30

course of superficial veins and end up in lateral axillary nodes

Question 31

do all lateral collecting ducts empty into axillary nodes

Answer 31

no- soem end in apical group via traveling along cephalic vein

Question 32

What do deep lymphatics drain

Answer 32

periosteum, joint capsules, tendons and some m

Question 33

where do the collecting ducts of deep lymphatics travel

Answer 33

parallel course of major aa and drain to lateral and central axillary lymph nodes

Question 34

How many axillary lymph nodes do we have

Answer 34

20-30

Question 35

what are the 5 groups of nodes in the axilla

Answer 35

pectoral, lateral, subscapular, central, apical

Question 36

which axillary lymph node groups are found interior to tendon of pec minor

Answer 36

pectoral, lateral, subscapular, and central

Question 37

All axillary nodes are infraclavicular T or F

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Why does the limb of a mastectomy look like if axillary lympoh nodes are taken out as well

Answer 38

edematous (swollen) because lymph drainage is impaired