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GCSE Physics*** > Forces, Movement And Shape > Flashcards

Forces, Movement And Shape Flashcards

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1
Q

What does a vector quantity have?

A

Magnitude and direction

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2
Q

What does a scalar quantity have ?

A

Magnitude only

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3
Q

What can scalar quantities never be ?

A

Negative

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4
Q

What can forces do to an object to they way it moves?

A
  • objects can accelerate or decelerate

* objects can change direction

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5
Q

What can forces do to objects to change their size ?

A
  • objects can be stretched

* objects can be squeezed

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6
Q

What is the normal reaction force ?

A

When an object rests on a solid if feels a reaction force at 90° to the surface

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7
Q

Where does upthrust always occur ?

A

In a fluid

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8
Q

What is thrust ?

A

Thrust is a reaction force
• it occurs when mass is pushed out the back of something causing the object to move toward
• eg rocket

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9
Q

What is an electrostatic force ?

A

Similar charges repel and opposite charges attract

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10
Q

What is an magnetic force ?

A

Like poles repel, opposite poles attract

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11
Q

What always happens to weight ?

A

Weight is always drawn down from the centre of gravity

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12
Q

What is the unit for mass?

A

Kg

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13
Q

What is the unit of weight?

A

N

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14
Q

What depends on the strength of the gravitational field ?

A

Weight, mass doesn’t change

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15
Q

What happens to any two objects that have mass?

A

They will attract each other, the more massive the object the bigger the gravitational force

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16
Q

Relation between weight mass and gravitational field strength

A

Weight = mass x gravitational

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17
Q

What is the gravitational field strength on earth?

A

10 N/kg

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18
Q

What is newtons second law?

A

In the presence of a resultant force a body experiences an acceleration

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19
Q

What does resultant mean ?

A

Overall

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20
Q

What overall force does a stationary object have?

A

No overall force

21
Q

What is the equation linking acceleration, force and mass ?

A

Acceleration = force/mass

22
Q

If acceleration is equal to force, what is mass?

A

Constant mass

23
Q

What is force proportional to ?

A

Acceleration and acceleration is proportional to force

24
Q

Describe terminal velocity

A
  • when object starts falling it is accelerating as weight is much greater than air resistance
  • The forces start to balance out however still accelerating but not as quickly
  • when weight is equal to air resistance the object stops accelerating and falls at a constant speed, this is called terminal velocity
25
Q

What is stopping distance made up of?

A
  • thinking distance

* braking distance

26
Q

What is thinking distance?

A

It is the distance travelled whilst the body is reacting to the message it receives from the brain

27
Q

What is braking distance?

A

It is the distance travelled whilst the car is decelerating to a stop

28
Q

How does the thinking distance increase?

A

It increases linearly

29
Q

How does braking distance increases?

A

It increases exponentially

30
Q

What does braking distance depend on?

A

Speed squared

31
Q

What affects braking distance?

A

• vehicle condition - brake pads/tyres are worn, braking will take longer
• road condition - rain or ice on the road surface will increase braking distance
• mass of car - heavier car=take longer to stop
( only use if others can’t be used )

32
Q

What affects thinking distance ?

A 
• age 
• drugs/alcohol
• fatigue 
• distraction
- they all increase reaction time
33
Q

What is the moment of a force?

A

It Is a measure of the forces turning effect

34
Q

What will forces with a big moment have ?

A

Larger turning effect

35
Q

What an two identical forces have?

A

They can have entirely different moments

36
Q

What is the equation linking force, moment and perpendicular distance from pivot ?

A

Moment = force x distance

37
Q

What is the principle of moment ?

A

In equilibrium moments anticlockwise equals moments clockwise

38
Q

What is the equation linking 2 forces and 2 perpendicular distances ?

A

F1d1 = F2d2

39
Q

What is the centre of mass ?

A

It is an imaginary point through which all the mass of an object can be said to act

40
Q

What will an object do around the centre of mass ?

A

Rotate

41
Q

what will cause a object to fall over?

A

When an object’s centre of mass falls outside its base the object will topple over

42
Q

What is hooks law?

A

That the extension of a spring is proportional to the load

43
Q

What also about hooks law but only at the beginning?

A

A wire and rubber band

44
Q

What equation links force, spring constant and extension ?

A

Force=spring constant x extension

45
Q

What is the spring constant measured in ?

A

Newtons per metre (N/m)

46
Q

What is the spring constant ?

A

The “stiffness” of a spring

47
Q

What does a large spring constant indicate and what does a small spring constant indicate ?

A
  • Large spring constant = very stiff spring

* small spring constant = very loose spring

48
Q

What happens when you stretch a spring to its elastic limit ?

A

It won’t go back to its original shape

49
Q

What is elastic behaviour ?

A

When you stretch and object with this behaviour it will return to its original shape

GCSE Physics*** (18 decks)

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