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Biomechanics T graves > Forces, Friction and Newtons laws > Flashcards

Forces, Friction and Newtons laws Flashcards

1
Q

What is Newtons 1st Law?

A

Law of Inertia: An object will stay at rest or in uniform motion until a force acts on it

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2
Q

What is Newtons 2nd Law?

A

Law of Acceleration: The change of motion of an object is directly proportional and in the same direction as the force acting on it

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3
Q

What is Newtons 3rd Law?

A

Law of Action-Reaction: To every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

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4
Q

Define inertia

A

An objects reluctance to chnage its state of motion

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5
Q

Define acceleration

A

The rate of change of velocity

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6
Q

Define velocity

A

Speed in a given direction

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7
Q

Define speed

A

distance covered/ time

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8
Q

Define a force

A

Something that can cause an object to start, stop, speed up, slow down or change direction

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9
Q

What are the key purposes of measuring force in sport? (4)

A

Comparing physical capabilities
Monitor improvements
Knowledge of the force requirements to complete sporting actions
Injury prevention

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10
Q

What 2 types of external forces are there?

A

Contact

Non Contact

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11
Q

Define an internal force

A

A force exerted by one body part onto another

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12
Q

Define an external force

A

Forces from outside the body

eg gravity

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13
Q

Give 3 examples of external contact forces

A

People, objects
Fluid resistance
Ground - Friction, reaction

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14
Q

Why is friction required

A

To move an object / person horizontally

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of friction called

A

Static

Dynamic

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16
Q

Define static friction

A

Occurs between two surfaces that are not moving relative to each other

17
Q

Define dynamic friction

A

Occurs between two surfaces that are moving relative to each other

18
Q

what is the equation for friction?

A

F(s/d) = µ(s/d) x N

19
Q

What is the friction coefficient of a surface?

A

How rough or smooth it is

20
Q

What law is GRF based on?

A

Newtons 3rd law

as we push on the ground the ground pushed back with an equal and opposite force

21
Q

What 2 contact forces are responsible for movement

A

Vertical ground reaction force (Fz)

Horizontal ground reaction force (Fy)

22
Q

What is the equation for weight

A

weight = mass x acceleration

23
Q

What is weight measure in?

A

Newtons

24
Q

How do you calculate the resultant force?

A

Vector addition

25
Q

What does the resultant force show

A

Magnitude and direction

26
Q

Why do we need to know how to calculate resultant force? (2)

A

Health
eg Podiatry
Sport

27
Q

Why do we need to know how to calculate resultant force in sport? (3)

A

improve running efficiency
monitoring power
reducing sport injuries

Biomechanics T graves (11 decks)

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