Forces and Exchange particles Flashcards

1
Q

What are forces caused by?

A

They are caused by particle exchange

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2
Q

What is attraction?

A

A force that causes two objects to pull towards each other no matter the distance, E.g a boomerang being thrown or caught it pushes the two people closer

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2
Q

What is repulsion?

A

A force that pushes two objects apart, E.g a ball being thrown or caught pushes people apart as it carries momentum

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3
Q

What are exchange particles called?

A

gauge bosons

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4
Q

What causes the repulsion of two protons?

A

exchange of virtual photons which are the gauge bosons of the electromagnetic force

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5
Q

What are gauge bosons?

A

Gauge bosons are virtual particles that only exist for a very short amount of time

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6
Q

What are the four fundamental forces?

A

Strong nuclear force, Weak nuclear force, Electromagnetic force and gravity

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7
Q

What is the gauge boson for electromagnetic interaction?

A

Virtual photon

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8
Q

What is the gauge boson for a weak interaction?

A

W+,W-

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9
Q

What is the gauge boson for a strong interaction?

A

pions

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10
Q

What particles are effected by electromagnetic interaction?

A

Charged particles only

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11
Q

What particles are effected by weak interaction?

A

all types

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12
Q

What particles are effected by strong interaction?

A

hadrons only

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13
Q

if the mass of the gauge boson is larger what does that mean for the range of the force?

A

the range is shorter

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14
Q

How are gauge bosons represented on a diagram?

A

Wiggly lines

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15
Q

How are particles represented on a diagram?

A

Straight lines

16
Q

What is electromagnetic repulsion?

A

When two particles with equal charged get close to each other they repel.

17
Q

What is beta-plus and beta-minus decay?

A

When you get an anti neutrino in beta minus decay and a neutrino in beta plus decay so that lepton number is conserved

18
Q

What is electron capture and electron proton collision s?

A

the exchange particle involved in electron capture is the W plus boson. And the exchange particle involved in an electron-proton collision is the W minus boson.