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Physics > Forces > Flashcards

Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

What is displacement?

A

Distance in a given direction

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2
Q

What is a vector quantity?

A

A quantity with magnitude and direction

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3
Q

What is a scalar quantity?

A

A quantity with magnitude only

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4
Q

Examples of vectors

A
  • Displacement
  • Force
  • Velocity
  • Weight
  • Momentum
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5
Q

Examples of scalars

A
  • Distance
  • Speed
  • Time
  • Mass
  • Energy
  • Power
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6
Q

What is Newtons Third Law of Motion?

A

When two objects interact with each other, they exert EQUAL and OPPOSITE forces on each other

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7
Q

What is the resultant force?

A

The single force that has the same effect as all the forces acting on the object, the overall force

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8
Q

What is Newton’s First Law of Motion?

A

An object will remain in motion at constant speed in a given direction until acted upon by an external force

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9
Q

What is a moment?

A

The measure of the turning effect of a force on an object

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10
Q

Equation of a moment

A

M = FD

Moment = Force x Perpendicular distance from line of action to the pivot

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11
Q

What does a lever do?

A

Acts as a force multiplier meaning less of an exerting force is required to move an object

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12
Q

What do gears do?

A

Act as a force multiplier

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13
Q

What does a low gear do?

A

Gives low speed and a high turning effect

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14
Q

What do high gears do?

A

Give a high speed and low turning effect

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15
Q

What is the principle of moments?

A

If an object is in equilibrium about a pivot, the anticlockwise and clockwise forces about the pivot are equal

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16
Q

What does the gradient of a distance-time graph represent?

A

The speed

17
Q

What is the equation for acceleration?

A

a = (v-u) / t

18
Q

What does the gradient of a velocity-time graph represent?

A

Acceleration

19
Q

What does the area under a velocity time graph represent?

A

Displacement

20
Q

What equation links velocity, distance and acceleration?

A

V^2 = U^2 + 2as

21
Q

Equation for Force

A

F = MA

22
Q

What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion?

A

The acceleration of an object is proportional to the resultant force acting on it.

Acceleration is also INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL to the mass of an object

23
Q

What is inertia?

A

An object’s tendency to remain in rest or in motion unless acted upon by an external object

24
Q

What is terminal velocity?

A

When the resultant force on an object is 0, so the object stops accelerating and moves at a constant velocity

25
Q

Stopping distance

A

The distance a car travels during the sum of the thinking and braking distance

26
Q

Braking distance

A

The distance a car travels under the braking force

27
Q

Thinking Distance

A

The distance a car travels during the driver’s reaction times kicking in

28
Q

What is the equation for momentum?

A

P = MV

Momentum = Mass x Velocity

29
Q

What is the law of conservation of momentum?

A

In a closed system, the total momentum before an event is the same as the momentum after an event

30
Q

What is the equation for impact force?

A

Impact force = change in momentum / time

31
Q

What are some safety measures to reduce impact force?

A
  • Airbags
  • Seatbelts
  • Crumple zones
  • Cushioned playground surfaces
32
Q

What is Hooke’s Law?

A

The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied to it.

This rule applies until the ‘limit of proportionality’ is reached, where the spring has been stretched too far.

33
Q

What is the equation for Hooke’s Law?

A

F = ke

34
Q

What is the spring constant?

A

The stiffer the spring, the greater the spring constant

35
Q

centre of mass

A

The point at which the weight of the object acts

Physics (19 decks)

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