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Physics Year 10 > Force And Motion > Flashcards

Force And Motion Flashcards

1
Q

Why do objects recoil in explosions.

A

Objects needs to have equal momentum in the explosion e.g rowing boat recoils as it needs to have equal momentum to the Person jumping off it

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2
Q

What happens if impact time is made longer

A

Force and momentum decrease

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3
Q

What happens to a moving objects momentum if no forces act on it

A

It stays the same

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4
Q

What happens when an object is thrown in the air

A

Gravity decreases its momentum as it goes up

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5
Q

What is elastic collision

A

When no kinetic energy is lost it gained

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6
Q

What is a crumple zone

A

Front and end of a car to lessen impact force . Increase impact time

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7
Q

Equation for acceleration

A

Change in acceleration
——–/————
Time taken

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8
Q

Equation force mass acceleration

A

Force =mass x acceleration

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9
Q

Five momentum time

A

Force = change of momentum
——————-
Time taken

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10
Q

What happens in an impact when moving object is speeded up

A

Momentum increases

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11
Q

Momentum equation

A

Mass x velocity

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12
Q

What happens to momentum in ana explosion

A

Is conserved objects move off in different directions
Positive direction right
Negative direction left

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13
Q

Thinking distance

A

How far car moves when driver suddenly sees a new obstacle and takes time to react to new situation before taking action

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14
Q

How is thinking distance related to speed and reaction time

A

Longer reaction time longer thinking distance and greater speed longer thinking distance

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15
Q

Braking distance

A

How far car travels after driver pushes the brakes and brings it to a stop

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16
Q

Factors effecting thinking distance

A

Tiredness , influence of drugs and alcahol that slow reaction time

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17
Q

Factors effecting braking distance

A

Mass of vehicle , breaking force applied , velocity the vehicle travels at

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18
Q

Difference between scalar and vector

A

Vector is a quantity which has size and direction

Scalar has no direction and is only size

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19
Q

How does heavy rain affect cars stopping distance

A

Increased as car cannot break without skidding , lowers breaking force and increased braking distance

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20
Q

Inelastic collision

A

2 objects collide and stick together e.g two railway trucks

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21
Q

Elastic colisión example

A

Colission between molecules in a gas

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22
Q

When is momentum not conserved

A

In a collision when external forces act on the object

23
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Kinetic energy = 0.5 mass x velocity squared

24
Q

Unit for momentum

A

Kg m/s

25
Q

Impulse

A

Force x time

26
Q

What happens to momentum

A

Stays the same providing no external forces act

27
Q

Partially elastic collision

A

Where object looses some kinetic energy

28
Q

Elastic behaviour

A

Ability of a material to return to original shape after forces causing deformation have been removed

29
Q

Hookes law

A

Extension of a spring is proportional to force up to the elastic limit

30
Q

Why do rubber bands not demonstrate hooks law

A

At beginning the band is stiff and doesn’t stretch much but after it softens

31
Q

Why do sky divers bend legs when landing

A

Landing requires rapid de acceleration so sky divers bend legs so landing takes longer and reduces the force that if the force was large it could break their bones . Bending legs makes landing take longer and reduces force

32
Q

Stopping distance

A

Sum of thinking and breaking distance

33
Q

Why does a trolley accelerate

A

It’s weight provides a force to accelerate it

34
Q

What does friction do to speed

A

Friction increases with speed and leads to a smaller resultant force on the object and therefore a smaller acceleration

35
Q

Instantaneous speed

A

Speed over a short amount of time
Distance covered
————–
Small time interval

36
Q

Force

A

Mass x acceleration

37
Q

What happens if balance forces act on an object

A

Moves at a constant speed or stays stationary

38
Q

What is moment

A

Measuring of a forces turning effect

39
Q

Moment equation

A

Moment = force x perpendicular distance to line of action of action

40
Q

What must moment be for an object to be in equilibrium

A

Moment must be equal on both side

41
Q

How to change an objects speed

A

Unbalanced force must act on it the greater the size the faster the object will speed up or slow down

42
Q

What is a force

A

A push or a pull

43
Q

What does the gravitation. Field do

A

Accelerates falling objects . Frictional forces increase until they balance gravitational force

44
Q

Weight

A

= mass x gravitational field strength

45
Q

Centre of gravity

A

Where the weight force acts

46
Q

Elastic limit

A

The limit when the shape will change permanently and not return to original length

47
Q

What is moment measured in

A

Newton meters

48
Q

What is momentum

A

A force possessed by masses in motion, a measure of how difficult it is to stop something from moving

49
Q

What is moment

A

Forces that make objects turn around a fixed point

50
Q

Why do passengers wear seat belts

A

So the reduced deacceleration applies to the passengers body otherwise they will come into contact quickly with another person or part of the car causing a large force to act on them

51
Q

How to find cemetery of gravity on a regular shape

A

Located where lines of symmetry cross

52
Q

How to find centre of gravity on an irregular shape

A

The point of suspension is a pivot point . Shape will not come to rest until it is balance and the centre of gravity is just below the pivot . A plumb line is hung from the pivot point so a like can be drawn perpendicularly from the pivot . The centre of gravity is somewhere along this line . This procedure is repeated suspending the card from a different pivot point and the centre of gravity will be where the two lines cross

53
Q

What affects an objects stability

A

Low centre of gravity and broad base

Physics Year 10 (5 decks)

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