FOR PUR COM Flashcards
CHAPTER 1 -3
It is a dual-way process of
transmitting messages from one
person to another.
COMMUNICATION
most effective medium
of communication
LANGUAGE
to serve as the
code for the transmission of messages
between and among people
PURPOSE OF LANGUAGE
the broad term for the two
way dynamic process of message
transmission. It embraces both the verbal
and the nonverbal aspect
COMMUNICATION
a portion of
the larger process of communication
SPEECH AND LANGUAGE
the medium or vehicle through
which messages are sent and received while
speech is one of its modes
LANGUAGE
the process of
shaping into words the sound of the voice
and the energy of the breath, by means of
speech organs
SPEECH
two levels of language
- DENOTATIVE LANGUAGE
- CONNOTATIVE LANGUAGE
The former refers to the dictionary meaning of a
word or its lexicon
connotative language (CL)
the latter refers to the
suggestive meaning of a word or its metaphoric
meaning
DENOTATIVE LANGUAGE
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
SENDER
THE MESSAGE
CHANNEL
RECEIVER
THE FEEDBACK
the speaker or the communicator who has
his/her own purpose, knowledge, interests, attitudes,
skills, and credibility
SENDER
the idea being transmitted by the sender
to the listener
THE MESSAGE
the medium or vehicle through which the
message is sent
CHANNEL
the target of the communication.
RECEIVER
the reaction given by the
listener to the sender of the message.
THE FEEDBACK
LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION
- INTRAPERSONAL
- INTERPERSONAL
A. DYADIC
B. TRYADIC
C. SMALL GROUP - PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
- MASS COMMUNICATION
- ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION
communication within oneself.
INTRAPERSONAL
communication among a relatively
small number of people
INTERPERSONAL
communication between two people.
DYADIC
communication participated by three
people.
TRYADIC
here, more than three people
communicate usually done to solve problems
SMALL GROUP
this involves
communication between one or several other people
(audience)
PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
this covers other forms
of public communication
MASS COMMUNICATION
communication
in the organization
ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION
IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION
Any students should develop an appreciation
of the importance of communication.
* In our daily affairs, we exchange ideas with
others using a common language so that we
can come up with our own objectives of
sharing.
* One major occupation this time is to help the
country produce and distribute information.
FUNDAMENTAL OBJECTIVES OF COMMUNICATION
- We communicate for self-expression.
- We communicate to build relations.
- We communicate to control human
behavior
CMC MEANING
COMPUTER MEDIATED COMMUNICATION
FTF MEANING
FACE-TO-FACE COMMMUNICATION
a complex process- difficult to determine where or with whom a
communication encounter starts and ends. - Models of communication simplify the process by
providing a visual representation of the various aspects of a
communication encounter.
“
Some models explain communication in more detail than others,
but even the most complex model still doesn’t recreate what we
experience in even a moment of a communication encounter. “
COMMUNICATION
THREE MODELS OF COMMUNICATION
A. TRANSMISSION
B. INTERACTION
C. TRANSACTION MODELS
- linear and one-way; sender intentionally transmits the
message to the receiver (Ellis and McClintock, 2000)- focuses on the sender and the message within a
communication encounter; responsibility is put on the sender to
help ensure the message is successfully conveyed- emphasizes clarity and effectiveness but also
acknowledges that there are barriers to effective communication- influenced by the advent and spread of new
communication technologie
THE TRANSMISSION MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
anything that interferes with a message
being sent between participants in a communication
encounter
NOISE
TYPES OF NOISES
- ENVIRONMENTAL
- SEMANTIC
any physical noise present in a
communication encounter
ENVIRONMENTAL
noise that occurs in the encoding
and decoding process when participants do not
understand a symbol
SEMANTIC
CMC has changed the way people communicate in almost all instances:
- Teach
- Learn
- Work
- Stay in touch with friends
- Initiate romantic relationship
- Search for jobs
- Manage money
- Get news
- Participate in governance
–
Describes communication as a process in which participants
alternate positions as sender and receiver and generate
meaning by sending messages and receiving feedback within
physical and psychological contexts.
Less message focused but more interaction focused
Takes physical and psychological context into account:
physical context includes environmental factors
psychological context includes the mental and emotional
factor
INTERACTION MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
Views communication as a communication packet that is sent
from one place to another
Communication is integrated into our social realities in such a
way that that it helps us not only to understand the information
but also to create and change them.
The “senders” and “receivers” are termed as “communicators”
who generate social realities within social, relational, and
cultural contexts.
Communication is seen as the creation of relationships, forming
of intercultural alliances, shaping of self-concepts and engaging
dialogues with others to create communities
TRANSACTION MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
TRANSACTION MODEL CONSIDERS THESE THREE
RELATIONAL, SOCIAL, AND CULTURAL
refers to the stated rules and unstated norms
that guide communication
SOCIAL
includes the previous interpersonal history
and type of relationship we have with the person we intend to
communicate with
RELATIONAL
includes various aspects of identities such as
race, gender, nationality, ethnicity, sexual orientation, class and
ability
CULTURAL
The speech communication process begins
with the formulation of an idea by the
speaker. He then encodes the ideas into
language to be transmitted through audible
and visible symbols to the receiver. As the
receiver receives the message, he decodes
them and may physically or verbally respond
to the speaker
THE ORAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS MODEL (WHITE)
THE PROCESS OF ORAL COMMUNICATION
- THINKING
- SYNMBOLIZING
- EXPRESSING
- TRANSMITTING
- RECEIVING
- DECODING
- REACTION OR “FEEDBACK”
- MONITORING
This stage starts with the birth of a idea
of the speaker
THINKING
After the speaker has decided
what idea he has to share to his audience, he is then
ready to communicate orally through the use of
words
SYMBOLIZING
Having decided on what words to
use, the speaker is now ready to express his ideas in
an audible speech using appropriate gestures.
EXPRESSING
The speaker’s ideas and
feelings are transmitted into the ears of the listeners.
TRANSMITTING
the message, which has been sent
through a medium selected by the speaker/sender,
reaches the receiver
RECEIVING
This stage will lead the listeners to
understand what the speaker wants to convey
DECODING
The
receiver gives responses to what they hear
from the speaker.
REACTION OR “FEEEDBACK”
The speaker should
monitor the reactions of the listeners, so he
could give the necessary and alternatives on
how he could make his audience understand
his message
MONITORING
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION
1ST : The message sent is not
necessarily the
message received
2ND: It is impossible not to
communicate
3RD: Every message has
both content and
feeling
4TH: Non-verbal cues are more
believable than verbal cues
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
- Know your purpose in communicating.
- Know your audience.
- Know your topic.
- Adjust your speech and writing to the
context of the situation. - Work on the feedback given you
PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE ORAL
COMMUNICATION
- Be clear with your purpose.
- Be complete with the message you
deliver. - Be concise.
- Be natural with your delivery.
- Be specific and timely with your
feedback
PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE WRITTEN
COMMUNICATION – THE 7CS
- Be clear.
- Be concise.
- Be concrete.
- Be correct.
- Be coherent.
- Be complete.
- Be courteous
