FOPR 3 Module 2 Harvesting Systems

Question 1

Project viability depends on what factors?

Answer 1

Production: cubic meters, value depends on grade of wood. secondary products also a factor.

Financial: all revenues and costs. costs recorded with considerable detail.

Safety: accident prevention doesn’t have direct revenue, but does come with benefits.

Environment: to control environmental costs, must find efficient ways to address environmental standards.

Quality: affects value, but bears a cost. must consider marginal value vs cost.

People: workers, supervisors, management adequately equipped and motivated to perform their portion of objective.

Question 2

Yarding systems (3)

Answer 2

Ground: machine or tracked vehicle travels to the log and directly pulls lot to roadside.

Cable: yarding machine is positioned at the road and reaches the log by steep cables.

Aerial: Logs are flown to the landing

Question 3

Ground skidding Equipment (4)

Answer 3

RTS: grapple multiple logs at a time. restricted to areas with suitable soils, slopes and terrain

TRactors: tracked machines are more suitable than skidders in some conditions such as sensitive or wet soils. slower than skidders so less productive.

Forwarders: associated with cut to length operations. work with mechanical faller processor. carries logs using self loader.

Hoe-chucking: log loader swings logs toward the landing. can take several passes.

Question 4

Cable system types

Answer 4

Highlead system: uses two working lines. mainline and haul back.

Running skyline system: modified high-lead system, but butt rigging is attached to running part of the haulback

Gravity Skyline: no haulback line needed, uses gravity instead.

Slackline system: similar to gravity skyline, but with an extra working line. haulback line is hung to the side of skyline to pull it latterally.

Question 5

Ariel Systems

Answer 5

Balloon Logging: helium lift systems have been used but is currently not viable due to cost and reliablitly.

Heli logging: can access areas not easily developed, low environmental impact in absence of road construction

Question 6

Advantages of Heli logging

Answer 6

1. Expanded operable forest landbase.
2. Reduced Road building
3. Reduced or eliminated yarding.
4. Flexibility in block design disturbance.
5. Improved log quality recovery.
6. Quick mobilization to respond to short term oppertunities.

Question 7

Disadvantages of Heli logging

Answer 7

1. High costs

2. Ethics

Question 8

Heil Logging Silviculture Prescriptions

Answer 8

adaptable to all silviculture prescriptions. cc, patchcut, single tree.

Question 9

Standing Stem Selection (Heli)

Answer 9

Single trees are selected, de limbed and pre cut. helicopter harvests by snapping off of hinge.

Question 10

Things to consider for Heli logging operations

Answer 10

1. Block design: great flexibility. should be designed to allow multiple ground crew operation
2. Landing Size: landing facilities must be large enough to handle high productivity.
3. landing location: influenced by flight path slope, wind, obstructions. within 1.6km of block.
4. yarding helicopter: depends on max payload and general efficiency

Question 11

Carriages- Scab Block

Answer 11

Haulback block is hung on the haulback line and connected to the butt rigging to add lifting acaacity