FOPC3 - Children's health and health promotion Flashcards
(35 cards)
Name 4 lifestyle factors that can influence health and wellbeing of children.
- Sleep
- Screen time
- Exercise
- Diet
Define health promotion.
Any planned activity designed to enhance health or prevent disease
Process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health.
Applied to a wide range of approaches. to improve health of people, communities and population
Usually planned but can be opportunistic
What affects health?
Genetics
Access
Environment
Lifestyle
What are 3 theories of health promotion?
- Educational (one-to-one or groups)
- Socioeconomic (national policies)
- Psychological (emphasis on whether individual is ready for change)
What does health promotion include?
Health education
Health protection
Disease prevention
What is the aim of educational health promotion?
Change knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and behaviours for health improvements
Define health protection.
Collective activities directed at. factors beyond control of individual. Regulations, policies or voluntary codes of practice
–> prevent ill health or posit enhancement of well-being
Define empowerment.
Generation of power in those individuals and groups whah previously considered themselves to be unable to control situations nor act on the basis of their choices
What are benefits of empowerment?
Resists local pressure
Utilise coping strategies
Heightened consciousness of action
Draw the cycle of change.
…
Define primary prevention and give an example.
Measures taken to prevent onset of illness or injury
Reduce probability and/or severity of illness or injury.
e.g smoking cessation, immunisation
Define secondary prevention and give an example.
Detection of a disease at an early/preclinical stage in order to cure, prevent or lessen symptomatology
e.g screening
What criteria is used when designing screening methods?
Wilson and Jungner’s Criteria
Describe Wilson and Jungner’s criteria for screening.
- Illness - important, natural history known, clinically detectable, pre-symptomatic stage
- Test - easy, cost-effective, acceptable, sensitive, specific
- Treatment - acceptable, cost-effective, better if early
Give examples of screening.
Breast Bowel cancer Cervical cancer AAA Diabetic retinopathy PKU Hypothyroidism Sickle cell CF
Define tertiary prevention and give an example.
Measures to limit distress or disability caused by disease
e.g Analgesia and physio for OA
What should be considered when dealing with the health of adolescents?
Diet, exercise, sleep, social issues
How much exercise are teens recommended to do?
60 mins of moderate/vigorous exercise/day
What is notably absent in young and elderly?
Homeostasis
What are common reasons for children to present to primary care?
URTI, rashes, failure to thrive, fever
What should be considered in paediatric GP consultations?
Child protection
Safety netting
Second consultations
Parent anxiety
What reasoning method is used by GPs?
Hypothetic-deductive reasoning
What are individual influences on health?
Age, gender, how mother responded to childhood ailments, risk perceptions, intra-uterine environment, how symptoms are perceived
Summarise the key stages of early development.
0-2 years - secure attachments, explore environment.
2-4y - basic cognate and social skills, language aquisition
5-11y - intellectual skills, social and emotional competence
12-18y - physiological and physical changes, develop meaningful relationships
