foot movements + ligaments Flashcards
what kind of motions are involved with pronation? and what planes are they in?
triplanar movement:
ankle DF (sagital)
hindfoot eversion (frontal plane)
forefoot abduction (horizontal)
what kind of motions are involved with supination?
Triplanar movement:
ankle plantar flexion (sagital)
hindfoot inversion (frontal plane)
forefoot adduction (horizontal plane)
in pronation, what happens to the medial arch?
it lowers
in supination, what happens to the medial arch?
it rises
what movements are the tibiofibular joint responsible for?
lower leg IR and ER
what movements are the subtalar joints responsible for?
inversion and eversion
what joints make up the transverse tarsal joint or the Chopart joint?
calcaneocuboid joint
talocalcaneonavicular joint
what three ligaments make up the talocalcaneonavicular joint?
plantar calcaneonavicular
plantar calcaneocuboid ligament (short)
long plantar ligament
what ligament is known as the SPRING ligament?
plantar calcaneonavicular
what ligament is known as the short plantar ligament?
plantar calcaneocuboid ligament
what ligaments support the medial + transverse arch (longitudinal) ? and which one is the most important?
plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (SPRING IS THE MOST IMPORTANT)
plantar calcaneocuboid ligament (short)
long plantar ligament
what muscles are involved in dynamic support of the medial longitudinal arch?
tibialis posterior
tibialis anterior
flexor hallucis longus
fibularis longus
what keeps the tendons of the fibularis longus and brevis muscles from subluxation?
inferior fibular retinaculum
superior fibular retinaculum
what muscles are involved in passive support?
plantar aponeurosis
long plantar ligament
short plantar ligament
plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
what muscle is the cuboid a pulley for?
fibularis longus
what muscles form a stirrup for the transverse arch?
tibialis posterior
fibularis longus
the forces through the extensor hood create what muscle movements? and what movements are they resisting?
MTP flexion
PIP extension
flexion of MTP joint prevents overextension
extension of PIP joints prevents overflexion
what bones are associated with the medial longitudinal arch?
calcaneus, navicular, cuneiform , 1st ray
what bones are associated with the lateral longitudinal arch?
calcaneus, cuboid, 5th ray
what bones are associated with transverse arch?
cuneiforms, cuboid
what is the function of the flexor retinacula?
covering the tarsal tunnel
what retinacula can be injured with a high ankle sprain?
superior extensor retinaculum
what retinacula can be injured with a lateral ankle sprain?
inferior extensor retinaculum
what actions does the LCL and MCL help with?
contributes to stability while standing
what actions do the oblique popliteal and arcuate popliteal help with?
contributes to posteromedial stability of knee
what ligaments are extra capsular knee ligaments?
patellar
fibular/lateral collateral ligament
tibial/medial collateral ligament
oblique and arcuate popliteal
where does the anterior cruciate attaches?
attaches to posterior medial side of lateral condyle femur extending to anterior intercondylar area of tibia
where does the PCL attach?
attaches to posterior lateral side of medial condyle of femur extending to posterior intercondylar area of tibia
what does the PCL prevent?
anterior displacement of femur on tibia or posterior displacement of tibia on femur
hyper-flexion of knee
what does ACL prevent?
hyperextension of the knee
prevents anterior displacement of tibia on femur
what is the medial ankle ligament?
deltoid
what ligaments make up the deltoid ligament?
4 parts –> tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal, anterior + posterior tibiotalar
