Foot Bones Flashcards
How many tarsal bones?
7
Calcaneus
Cuboid
3 Cuneiforms (lateral, intermediate, medial)
Navicular
Tallus
The tarsal bone that articulates with tibia and fibula?
Talus
How many rows of tarsals?
Proximal row
Tallus
Calcaneous
Intermediate
Navicular
Distal row
3 cuneiforms (medial, lateral and intermediate)
Cuboid
Cuboid bone is present _______ to cuneiforms?
Laterall
How many surfaces of calcaneum?
6 surfaces
1.Anterior - with cuboid
2.Posterior - attachment to tendocalaneous (Achilles tendon)
Forms prominence of heel
3.Superior surface - with talus by 2 articular surfaces separated by a rough groove sulcus calcanei
4. Inferior surface
5. Medial surface - sustentaculum tali (supports talus)
6. Lateral surface - peroneal tubercle
Which is the largest bone of foot that forms prominence of heel?
Calcaneum
The cuboid bone articulates with which metatarsals?
Lateral 2
When do tarsals ossify? And carpals?
Tarsals start to ossify before birth
Carpals - during first year of life
Ossification takes place in all tarsal bones by _____ year?
5th
Calcaneum articulates above with ______
And in front with _____?
Above with talus
In front with cuboid
Medial surface of calcaneum has what process?
A large shelf-like process
Sustentaculum tali
Which assist in support of talus
The lateral surface of calcaneum has what?
A small elevation called peroneal tubercle
What is the purpose of peroneal tubercle on lateral surface of calcaneum?
Separates the tendons of fibularis longus and brevis
Talus bone has ligaments attachment but no attachment for?
Muscles and tendons
A deep grove is present in the neck of talus called?
salcus tali
The head of talus articulates with which hone?
Navicular
The tuberosity of navicular attaches to which tendon?
Tibialis posterior tendon
Cuboid has attachment for?
Peroneus (fibularis) longus muscle
The wedge shape of cuneiform bone contribute to the formation and maintanence of?
Transverse arch of foot
Which metatarsal has a prominent tubercle and for what?
5th metatarsal has a prominent tubercle at its base
Provides attachment to peroneus (fibularis) brevis tendon
What are the joints formed by talus?
1.ankle joint/talocrural
superiorly between talus and bones of leg (tibia and fibula)
-
Subtalar joint
Inferiorly between talus and calcaneus -
Talonavicular joint
Anteriorly between talus and navicular
Talus has a risk of ?
Avascular necrosis as vascular supply is dependent on fascial structures
The posterior surface of talus has 2 tubercles for attachment of?
Flexor hallucis longus tendon
What are tallus fracture?
neck
Most common
Foot forcibly dorsiflexed
Avascular necrosis of talus
Body
Jumping from height
What is calcaneum fracture?
Fall from height
Talus forces downward into calcaneum so calcaneum becomes wider laterally
Sustentaculum tali can be fractured by forced inversion of foot
What are metatarsal fracture?
Due to forced inversion of foot
Fibularis brevis pulls off the base of 5th metatarsal
