Foot Bones Flashcards

1
Q

How many tarsal bones?

A

7
Calcaneus
Cuboid
3 Cuneiforms (lateral, intermediate, medial)
Navicular
Tallus

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2
Q

The tarsal bone that articulates with tibia and fibula?

A

Talus

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3
Q

How many rows of tarsals?

A

Proximal row
Tallus
Calcaneous

Intermediate
Navicular

Distal row
3 cuneiforms (medial, lateral and intermediate)
Cuboid

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4
Q

Cuboid bone is present _______ to cuneiforms?

A

Laterall

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5
Q

How many surfaces of calcaneum?

A

6 surfaces
1.Anterior - with cuboid
2.Posterior - attachment to tendocalaneous (Achilles tendon)
Forms prominence of heel
3.Superior surface - with talus by 2 articular surfaces separated by a rough groove sulcus calcanei
4. Inferior surface
5. Medial surface - sustentaculum tali (supports talus)
6. Lateral surface - peroneal tubercle

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6
Q

Which is the largest bone of foot that forms prominence of heel?

A

Calcaneum

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7
Q

The cuboid bone articulates with which metatarsals?

A

Lateral 2

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8
Q

When do tarsals ossify? And carpals?

A

Tarsals start to ossify before birth
Carpals - during first year of life

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9
Q

Ossification takes place in all tarsal bones by _____ year?

A

5th

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10
Q

Calcaneum articulates above with ______
And in front with _____?

A

Above with talus
In front with cuboid

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11
Q

Medial surface of calcaneum has what process?

A

A large shelf-like process
Sustentaculum tali
Which assist in support of talus

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12
Q

The lateral surface of calcaneum has what?

A

A small elevation called peroneal tubercle

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13
Q

What is the purpose of peroneal tubercle on lateral surface of calcaneum?

A

Separates the tendons of fibularis longus and brevis

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14
Q

Talus bone has ligaments attachment but no attachment for?

A

Muscles and tendons

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15
Q

A deep grove is present in the neck of talus called?

A

salcus tali

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16
Q

The head of talus articulates with which hone?

A

Navicular

17
Q

The tuberosity of navicular attaches to which tendon?

A

Tibialis posterior tendon

18
Q

Cuboid has attachment for?

A

Peroneus (fibularis) longus muscle

19
Q

The wedge shape of cuneiform bone contribute to the formation and maintanence of?

A

Transverse arch of foot

20
Q

Which metatarsal has a prominent tubercle and for what?

A

5th metatarsal has a prominent tubercle at its base
Provides attachment to peroneus (fibularis) brevis tendon

21
Q

What are the joints formed by talus?

A

1.ankle joint/talocrural
superiorly between talus and bones of leg (tibia and fibula)

  1. Subtalar joint
    Inferiorly between talus and calcaneus
  2. Talonavicular joint
    Anteriorly between talus and navicular
22
Q

Talus has a risk of ?

A

Avascular necrosis as vascular supply is dependent on fascial structures

23
Q

The posterior surface of talus has 2 tubercles for attachment of?

A

Flexor hallucis longus tendon

24
Q

What are tallus fracture?

A

neck
Most common
Foot forcibly dorsiflexed
Avascular necrosis of talus

Body
Jumping from height

25
Q

What is calcaneum fracture?

A

Fall from height
Talus forces downward into calcaneum so calcaneum becomes wider laterally

Sustentaculum tali can be fractured by forced inversion of foot

26
Q

What are metatarsal fracture?

A

Due to forced inversion of foot
Fibularis brevis pulls off the base of 5th metatarsal