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pt momints > Foot and Clinical Notes > Flashcards

Foot and Clinical Notes Flashcards

1
Q

sensory of dorsum of foot

A

saphenous
superficial peroneal
sural
medial plantar
deep peroneal
lateral plantar

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2
Q

sensory of sole

A

saphenous
medial plantar
lateral plantar
sural
medial calcaneal branch of tibial

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3
Q

first layer

A

flexor digitorum brevis
abductor digiti minimi
abductor hallucis

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4
Q

second layer

A

tendons of FDL and FHL
quadratus plante
lubricals

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5
Q

third layer

A

adductor hallucis
flexor hallucis brevis
flexor digit minimi

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6
Q

fourth layer

A

interossei
tendons of peroneus longus
tibialis posterior

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7
Q

what muscle is at the dorsum of the foot

A

extensor digitorum brevis

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8
Q

calcaneal gait

A

foot points upward bc gastroc is damaged; no pflex

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9
Q

function of foot

A

To support the body weight

Serve as a lever to propel body forward in walking and running

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10
Q

what forms the medial arch

A

calcaneum, talus, navicular, 3
cuneiform and 1st three metatarsal

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11
Q

keystone of medial long arch

A

talus

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12
Q

lig of medial long arch

A

planat calcaneonavicular nd tendon of tib post

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13
Q

what forms lat long arch

A

calcaneum, cuboid, 4th nd 5th metatarsal

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14
Q

lig of lat long arch

A

long nd short plantar lig

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15
Q

keystone of lat long arch

A

cuboid

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16
Q

transverse arch components

A

bases of metatarsals; lisfrancs
cuboid
cuneiform

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17
Q

lig of transverse arch

A

deep transverse lig

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18
Q

center of transverse arch

A

3rd metatarsal

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19
Q

cause of pes planus

A

depression of medial longtudinal arch

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20
Q

manifestations pes planus

A

laterally and everted
talus down medial
achilles medially deviated

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21
Q

cause pes cavus

A

medial longitudinal arch high; muscle imbalance

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22
Q

describe propulsive action in quiet standing

A

Body weight is distributed via heel and heads of metatarsal
bones

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23
Q

describe propulsive action in walking

A

Weight is thrown forward, the weight is transferred on lateral margin of of the head of metatarsal

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24
Q

describe propulsive action in running

A

weight is borne on the forepart of the foot and heel does not touch the ground

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25
Q

when does limb buds develop

A

6 weeks

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26
Q

how does the big toe form

A

lower limb bud undergoes medial rotation as it grows out from trunk resulting in the big toe coming to lie on the medial side

27
Q

Talipes Equino Varus

A

pflex and inverted

28
Q

talipes calcaneiovalgus

A

dorsiflexed at the ankle and everted at the midtarsal joints

29
Q

club foot is more common in

A

males

30
Q

lateral angulation of the great toe at its metatarsophalangeal joint

A

hallux valgus

31
Q

describe hallux valgus

A

enlargement (bunion) of the medial side of the head of the first metatarsal

32
Q

what is interdigital neuroma

A

mortons toe

suddenattacksofsharpand localized pain usually between the 3rd and 4th web space due to localized thickening of the common digital nerve at the bifurcation

33
Q

pain and tenderness about the longitudinal arch due to excessive and unaccustomed standing and walking

A

plantar fasciatis

34
Q

what is calcaneal spur

A

bony spur projecting from the back or underside of the heel bone (the calcaneus) that often makes walking painful

35
Q

stress fracture

A

fracture of 2nd and 3rd associated with unaccustomed walking

36
Q

treatment of stress fracture

A

rest, taping and use of arch pad

37
Q

treatment of club foot

A

serial casting, splints, surgery

38
Q

describe the tarsal tunnel syndrome

A

posterior tibial n

39
Q

injury of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

A

meralgia paresthetica

40
Q

causes of lat femoral cutaneous nerve

A
  • compression by a repeated low-grade trauma
  • protuberant abdomen
  • Pregnancy
  • tight clothing
  • Diabetes
  • tumor
  • Infection
41
Q

manifestations of meralgia presthetica

A

pure sensory syndrome ; sensory complaints at the lateral thigh including pain, numbness, burning or a dull ache. It may be exacerbated with hip extension and does not demonstrate motor abnormalities.

42
Q

where does femoral nerve injury origin of

A

from the L2, L3, and L4 roots. They continue on as the posterior division of the lumbar plexus to become the femoral nerve

43
Q

causes of femoral nerve injury

A

– Trauma: Stab or gunshot wound/ pelvic
fracture
– Compression due to Hematoma over inguinal area or tumors over the area
– Lithotomy position during delivery
– Diabetes

44
Q

manifestations of femoral nerve injury

A

Motor: weakness of quadriceps; uses adductor muscle to compensate for weakness of knee extensors; buckling gait, quadriceps gait; patient goes to hyperextension of knee to lock knee

Sensory: decrease sensation over anteromedial aspect of thigh and medial side of leg up to the ball of big toe (saphenous)

45
Q

occurs in conjunction to femoral nerve injury

A

obturator nerve injury

46
Q

manifestations of obturator n injury

A

weakness of hip adduction, dec sensory of medial thigh

47
Q

where does the sciatic nerve split

A

posterior inferior 1/3 of thigh

48
Q

causs of sciatic nerve injury

A

hip trauma
injection
pelvic fracture

49
Q

effects of piriformis syndrome

A

foot drop deformity; steppage gait

50
Q

cause of piriformis syndrome

A

wallet in back pocket; medial thigh

51
Q

cause of common peroneal nerve

A

leg cross - weight loss - poor surgery - squatting - diabetes

52
Q

what is strawberry pickers palsy

A

ipit ng common peroneal

53
Q

effects of common peroneal nervie injury

A

wekness of dorsi
steppage - foot drop
sesnosry loss of leg

54
Q

efect of tibial nerve injury

A

calcaneal gait
calaneovalgus
loss of sense sa foor
no pflex; dflex lang

55
Q

why does foot drop no occur on tibial if superficial

A

bc deeper than common peroneal

56
Q

which patellar dislocation is more comon

A

lateral - if weak quads

57
Q

osgood schlatter lesion

A

partial avulsion of tibial tuberosity

58
Q

treatment of osgood

A

avoid strenous excercise

59
Q

maifestations of osgood

A

swelling, tenderness, pai. + kneeling, traction

pre ossification

60
Q

hip pointer

A

hwere sartorius attach to ASIS - avulsion

61
Q

charley horse

A

contusion of quads - cramps - ischemia - direct trauma

62
Q

why is gracilis used as a graft

A

can be removed wo noticable loss

63
Q

riders strain

A

ossification of add long - horse riders

pt momints (10 decks)

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