Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Functional Anatomy > Foot and Ankle 2 > Flashcards

Foot and Ankle 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Plantar Ligaments

A

Short (plantar calcaneocuboid):
- From plantar calcaneus to cuboid

Long

  • From plantar calcaneus to to cuboid and bases of metatarsals 3,4,5
  • Superficial to short plantar ligament

Support lateral column of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Plantar Fascia

A
  • Supports medial longitudinal arch
  • Calcaneus to proximal phalanges
  • Acts as a tie rod, keeping anterior and posterior portions of foot together under weight bearing stress

Tightens with dorsiflexion of digits, as heel rises during walking (imparts stability)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Plantar fasciitis

A
  • Irritation of plantar fascia at attachment to calcaneus
  • May see associated spur formation
  • Key to decreasing stress on plantar fascia = increase gastroc and soleus flexibility
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Arches

A
  • Medial and lateral longitudinal arches
  • Transverse metatarsal arch (distal intertarsal joint)

Maintained by:

  1. Bony architecture of foot
  2. Ligaments of the foot
  3. Intrinsic musculature
    * Dynamic support from posterior tib and fibular longus

Arches increase the strength of the feet

Arches develop with weight bearing (not present at birth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Static Weightbearing under foot

A

Rearfoot: Shared between calcaneal tubercles

Forefoot: Shared across metatarsal heads

  • 1st MT bears 2x weight compared to others
  • Greater cross sectional area (than rearfoot?)

Changes with various foot types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Weightbearing under foot during gait

A

Initial Contact: Loading of lateral calcaneus
Midstance: WB progresses anterior and medial under the foot
Roll Off: WB is transferred medially to hallux at toe off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

“Too many toes sign”

A

Calcaneal/ rearfoot valgus - appears pronated

- can see toes when looking from behind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A
  • Tibia to dorsal/ medial 1st cuneiform and MT
  • OKC: Ankle inv/DF
  • CKC: Decelerates ankle PF during loading response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

A
  • Fibula to distal phalanx of hallux
  • OKC: Extends great toe, assists with ankle inv/df
  • CKC: Controlled loading of medial column during loading response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A
  • Tibia and fibula to distal phalanges of lesser digits
  • OKC: Extends toes and assist with eversion/ DF
  • CKC: Controls ankle PF during loading response
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Peroneus Longus

A
  • Fibula to plantar base of 1st cuneiform and 1st ray
  • OKC: Ankle eversion, PF
  • CKC: Maintains stability of 1st ray, prevents excessive inversion/ supination, and forms sling to support cuboid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Peroneus Brevis

A
  • Fibula to base of 5th metatarsal styloid process
  • OKC: Eversion, assists with PF
  • CKC: Helps transfer weight from lateral to medial portion of the foot
  • Checks rapid inversion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Gastroc

A
  • Femoral condyles to posterior calcaneus
  • OKC: PF, assists with knee flexion
  • CKC: Deceleration of CKC DF, Heel rise and ankle PF

More likely to strain than soleus b/c two joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Soleus

A
  • Posterior tibia and fibula to posterior calcaneus
  • OKC: Ankle PF
  • CKC: Decelerate DF, Assist in heel rise
  • Active postural muscle (prevents tibia from translating forward)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Thompson Test

A

For Achilles tendon integrity

  • Pt prone
  • Examiner applies a squeeze to the calf of the pt’s affected leg

Positive: nonresponse during squeeze

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Matles Test

A

For achilles tendon integrity

  • Pt lies prone with foot over end of plinth
  • Pt actively flexes knee to 90 degrees

Positive: Foot falls into neutral or slight DF

17
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A
  • Posterior tibia and fibula to plantar navicular and most tarsals
  • OKC: Ankle inversion/ PF
  • CKC: Primary decelerator of pronation

Supports medial longitudinal arch, especially if pt’s arch collapses a lot with weight bearing/ has a more flexible arch

18
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A
  • Tibia to distal phalanges 2-5
  • OKC: Flexion of digits, assists with INV/ PF
  • CKC: Stabilizes digits on ground, assists in ankle pf/inv for balance
19
Q

Where to Tibialis posterior, FDL, FHL run?

A

Tarsal tunnel, around medial malleolus

20
Q

When are the intrinsic muscles of the foot most active?

A

During late stance, as heel is rising off the ground

There are 4 layers of intrinsic muscles of foot

Functional Anatomy (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions