Foot And Ankle

Question 1

What are the main objectives of studying the ankle and foot anatomy?

Answer 1

Identify important bony and soft tissue structures, explain structures related to the ankle joint, list and describe muscles causing action at the ankle joint, list all joints and ligaments of the foot.

Question 2

What type of joint is the inferior tibiofibular joint?

Answer 2

Syndesmosis type of fibrous joint

Question 3

Which bones are connected by the inferior tibiofibular joint?

Answer 3

Lower end of tibia and lower end of fibula

Question 4

Does the inferior tibiofibular joint have a fibrous capsule?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

What are the ligaments associated with the inferior tibiofibular joint?

Answer 5

• Anterior tibiofibular ligament
• Posterior tibiofibular ligament

Question 6

What type of joint is the ankle (talocrural) joint?

Answer 6

Synovial hinge joint

Question 8

What are the articular surfaces of the ankle joint?

Answer 8

• Articular facet of the lateral malleolus of the fibula
• Articular facet of the medial malleolus of the tibia
• Inferior articular surface of the tibia
• Superior surface of the talus

Question 9

What ligaments are associated with the ankle (talocrural) joint?

Answer 9

• Joint capsule
• Medial ligament complex (Deltoid ligament)
• Anterior & posterior tibiotalar ligaments
• Tibionavicular ligament
• Tibiocalcaneal ligament
• Anterior talofibular ligament
• Posterior talofibular ligament
• Calcaneofibular ligament

Question 10

What is the function of the joint capsule in the ankle joint?

Answer 10

Envelops the joint

Question 11

What are the main movements that occur in the ankle joint?

Answer 11

• Plantar flexion
• Dorsiflexion

Question 12

What type of joint is the subtalar (talocalcaneal) joint?

Answer 12

Synovial joint

Question 13

What is the major action of the subtalar joint?

Answer 13

Inversion and eversion

Question 14

What movements are involved in pronation of the foot?

Answer 14

• Dorsiflexion
• Abduction
• Eversion

Question 15

What movements are involved in supination of the foot?

Answer 15

• Plantar flexion
• Adduction
• Inversion

Question 16

What forms the transverse/mid tarsal joint?

Answer 16

• Articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid
• Articulation of the talus with the navicular

Question 17

What type of joint is the talocalcaneonavicular joint?

Answer 17

Ball & socket joint

Question 18

What ligaments are associated with the talocalcaneonavicular joint?

Answer 18

• Talonavicular ligament
• Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (Spring ligament)

Question 19

What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint?

Answer 19

Saddle joint

Question 20

What ligaments are associated with the calcaneocuboid joint?

Answer 20

• Bifurcated ligament
• Short plantar ligament
• Long plantar ligament

Question 21

What type of joints are the tarsometatarsal joints?

Answer 21

Plane synovial joints

Question 22

What type of joint are the metatarsophalangeal joints?

Answer 22

Condyloid synovial joint

Question 23

What type of joint are the interphalangeal joints?

Answer 23

Synovial hinge joint

Question 24

What are the primary plantar flexors of the foot?

Answer 24

• Gastrocnemius
• Soleus
• Plantaris
• Tibialis posterior

Question 25

Which muscles are responsible for dorsiflexion?

Answer 25

• Tibialis anterior

Question 26

Name the invertors of the foot.

Answer 26

• Tibialis anterior
• Tibialis posterior
• Extensor hallucis longus

Question 27

Which muscles are responsible for eversion of the foot?

Answer 27

• Peroneus longus
• Peroneus brevis
• Peroneus tertius