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Social Determinants of Health > Food Insecurity > Flashcards

Food Insecurity Flashcards

1
Q

Food Security is?

A

At all times, a person has the physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary need and food preferences for an active and healthy life.

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2
Q

How serious is food insecurity?

A
  • 1 in 8 households

- highest rate in territories (Nunavut= 45%)

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3
Q

Households are more likely to experience food insecurity if they…

A
  1. Income from precarious work or social support systems
  2. First Nations, African American etc.
  3. Homeless
  4. Immigrants
  5. Chronic Health Problems
  6. Unattached or living with children above 18 yrs
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4
Q

Food Security Dimensions

A
  1. AVAILABILITY-> quantities of food are appropriate for all people at all times
  2. ACCESSIBILITY-> physical and economic access to food
  3. UTILIZATION-> utilization of food through adequate diet, clean water, sanitation and health care
  4. STABILITY-> having an adequate food at all times
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5
Q

How does insecurity arise?

A
  1. Money becomes tight and people cut food budgets to pay for other expenses.
  2. Buy cheaper, less nutritious foods or skip meals.
  3. Poor Diest increase risk of infections & chronic diseases.
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6
Q

Household Food Security Module

A
  • Canadian Community Health Survey since 2004
  • 18 Q’s about experience from last 12 months
  • worrying about food availability
  • reliance on low-cost foods
  • not affording balanced meals
  • cutting size of meals
  • not having enough to eat
  • losing weight
  • not eating for the whole day
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7
Q

Household Food Insecurity Threshold

A
  • Marginal
  • Moderate
  • Severe
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8
Q

CCHS 2004- Nutrition

A
  • measured adults fruit and veggie consumption

* significant difference btw food-secure & food-insecure subgroups*

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9
Q

Health Effects- Maternal & Infant health…

A
  • poorer birth outcomes

- impaired growth and development

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10
Q

Health Effects- Children…

A
  • poorer development and learning
  • impeded disease management
  • increased likelihood of developing asthma, depression, and other chronic conditions
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11
Q

Health Effects- Adults…

A
  • compromised physical and mental health
  • poor disease management and higher risk of negative outcomes
  • MORTALITY
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12
Q

How do we fix it?

A
  • Include it in Canada’s food guide

- improve financial circumstances of vulnerable households

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13
Q

Community Responses

A
  • food charity-> INAFFECTIVE
  • food banks -> FALSE IMPRESSION
  • community meals
  • programs for children
  • coupons/ vouchers
  • community food programs
  • community gardens
  • community kitchens
  • good food boxes
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14
Q

Dieticians of Canada recommend…

A
  1. coordinated policies and programs to provide sufficient income to pay for basic needs
  2. address food insecurity and indigenous peoples
  3. annual monitoring of the severity of household food insecurity of each province or territory including invulnerable populations
  4. address gaps in knowledge about populations experiencing greater severity of household food insecurity and to inform the implementation and evaluation of strategies and policies that will eliminate household food insecurity in Canada
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15
Q

Effect on Body Weight

A
  • higher rates of overweight and obesity individuals
  • “feast and famine” pattern of eating
  • consumption of inexpensive food
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16
Q
  1. Effect on Health
A
  • less ability to manage chronic health conditions
  • risk factor for depression, suicidal ideation (late adolescence and early adulthood)
  • can predispose people to hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes
  • heightened stress
17
Q

Influence of Adults’ Ill Health

A
  1. impacts ability to get income through employment
  2. financial demands of disease management requires more money than other family members
  3. less capable of managing with limited finances
18
Q

Implications for Disease Management

A
  • Diabetes: not being able to afford appropriate food, prescribed meds, ortho shoes or mobility devices
  • HIV/AIDS: lower adherence to antiretroviral therapy, lower body weight and greater HIV disease progression
  • increased death rates

Social Determinants of Health (15 decks)

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