Food & Diet Flashcards
What does 4.2J do?
Heats 1cm cubed of water by 1 degrees Celsius
What are the three main factors that affect our energy requirements?
Activity
Age
Gender
What is the function of starchy carbohydrates? Example?
Slow release energy
Pasta
What is the function of sugary carbohydrates? Example?
Fast release energy
Cakes
What are the function of fats? Examples?
Energy & insulation
Sausages
What are the functions of proteins? Examples?
Growth, repair & body cells
Fish
What are the functions of water?
Solvent - for chemical reactions to take place in
Transport medium, e.g. blood
What is the function of fibre? Examples?
Prevents constipation
Green veg.
What are the functions of vitamin C? Examples?
Healthy teeth & gums
Oranges
What are the functions of vitamin D? Examples?
Strong bones & teeth
Fish
What is the function of calcium? Examples?
Strong bones & teeth
Milk
What is the function of iron? Examples?
Helps RBCs carry oxygen around the body
Red meat
What does benedict’s need to test its substrate? What is the colour change?
Needs heat in a water bath
Tests glucose
Blue — brick red precipitate
What does iodine test for? What is the colour change?
Starch
Yellow-brown — blue-black
What does biuret (NaOH + CuSO4) test for? What is the colour change?
Protein
Blue — purple (or lilac)
What does ethanol test for? What is the colour change?
Fat
Clear — white emulsion
What is obesity caused by? How de we reduce the risk?
Taking in too much energy, e.g. too much sugar, starch or fat
Eat a healthy, balanced diet, increase exercise
What causes heart disease? How do we reduce the risk?
Cholesterol & other fatty substances being present in high level. They build up on wall of artery, narrowing them & making it difficult for blood to flow through them, resulting in a a heart attack.
Reduce stress, increase exercise, healthy balanced diet
What causes a stroke? How do we reduce the risk?
Poor diet wich can damage circulatory system. Fat builds up & causes blockage in blood vessel in brain
Increase exercise, reduce stress, low salt
What happens when we exercise?
Our pulse rate increases to pump more blood, containing more oxygen to muscle cells for respiration.
What is respiration?
An exothermic reaction which takes place inside cells
What is the word & balanced equation for respiration?
Glucose + oxygen —> water + carbon dioxide + energy
C6H12 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY
Why are many people in society slow to adapt their lifestyle to reduce the risk?
Difficult to give up sugary foods
Not going to happen to them
Readymeals are convenient
No point in changing now
What are the costs to society as of circulatory disorders?
Expensive equipment needed in hospitals Highly trained staff needed Drugs for treatment are expensive Less family income Patient in hospital for weeks
