Food and Nutrition Flashcards
Why is fibre and water important in our diet?
Fibre helps to keep the large intestine healthy and water stops us from being dehydrated.
What do we use for food tests in starch, protein, reducing sugar and lipids?
Starch: Iodine solution
Protein: Biuret’s solution
Reducing sugar: Benedict’s solution
Lipids: Ethanol
Why do we need the various nutrients? (7 nutrients)
Carbohydrate: as a fuel
Fibre: keeps the large intestine working well
Protein: for growth and repair
Fats and oils: for storing energy
Vitamins: to keep your body healthy
Calcium: for strong bones
Water: stops a person becoming dehydrated
What can happen if you don’t have a balanced diet?
Scurvy, Rickets, malnutrition problems and being overweight.
Why do we need to digest our food?
We need to digest our food because the molecules are too large to be absorbed into our bodies.
For example - carbohydrates are digested into sugar.
Where does digestion happen?
Mouth - mechanical (teeth) and chemical (salivary glands) digestion
Oesophagus - pushes food to stomach
Stomach - churns up food with acid and digestive juices
Liver - produces bile
Gallbladder - stores bile
Pancreas - produces pancreatic juices
Small intestine - absorbs food
Large intestine - removes water and solid waste is faeces
Rectum - stores faeces
Anus - faeces is excreted here.
What’s diffusion?
Digested food spreads out randomly in a process called diffusion and nutrients are absorbed. Molecules move randomly from where there is more to where there is less.
