FOI SU1: The Learning Process

Question 1

A change in behavior as a result of experience can be defined as:
learning
knowledge
understanding

Answer 1

learning

Question 2

The learning process may include some elements such as verbal, conceptual, and
habitual
experiential
problem solving

Answer 2

problem solving

Question 3

while learning the material being taught, learner’s may be learning other things as well. This additional learning is called :

residual
conceptual
incidental

Answer 3

incidental

Question 4

Individuals make more progress learning if they have a clear objective. This is one feature of the principle of:
primacy
readiness
willingness

Answer 4

readiness

Question 5

things most often repeated are best remembered because of which principle of learning?

principle of effect
principle of recency
principle of exercise

Answer 5

principle of exercise

Question 6

providing opportunities for a learner to practice and then directing this process towards a goal is the basis of the principal of:

exercise
learning
readiness

Answer 6

exercise

Question 7

the principle that is based on the emotional reaction of the learner is the principle of:
effect
primacy
intensity

Answer 7

effect

Question 8

which principle of learning often creates a strong impression?
principle of primacy
principle of intensity
principle of readiness

Answer 8

principle of primacy

Question 9

which principle of learning implies that a learner will learn more from the real thing than from a substitute?
principle of effect
principle of primacy
principle of intensity

Answer 9

principle of intensity

Question 10

which principle of learning often determines the sequence of lectures within a course of instruction?
principle of primacy
principle of recency
principle of intensity

Answer 10

principle of recency

Question 11

what is the basics of all learning?
perception
motivation
positive self-concept

Answer 11

perception

Question 12

perception result when a person
a. gives meaning to sensations being experienced
b. is able to discern items of useful information
c. responds to visual cues first, then aural cues, and relates these cues to ones previously learned

Answer 12

gives meaning to sensations being experienced

Question 13

a basic need that affects all of a person’s perceptions is the need to:
a. maintain and enhance the organized self
b. accomplish a higher level of satisfaction
c. avoid areas that pose a threat to success

Answer 13

maintain and enhance the organized self

Question 14

which factor affecting perception has a great influence on the total perceptual process:
self-concept
goals and values
time and opportunity

Answer 14

self-concept

Question 15

which factor affecting perceptions is based on the effectiveness of the use of a properly planned training syllabus?
basic need
time and opportunity
goals and values

Answer 15

time and opportunity

Question 16

in the learning process, fear or the element of threat will:
a. narrow the learners perceptual field
b. decrease the rate of associative reactions
c. cause a learner to focus on several areas of perception

Answer 16

narrow the learners perceptual field

Question 17

which is one of the ways in which anxiety will affect a learner?
a. may limit the learners ability to learn from perceptions
b. will speed up the learning process for the learner if properly controlled and directed by the instructor
c. causes dispersal of the learner’s attention over such a wide range of matters as to interfere with normal reactions

Answer 17

anxiety may limit the learners ability to learn from perceptions

Question 18

the mental grouping of affiliated perceptions is called:
insights
association
conceptualization

Answer 18

insights

Question 19

infights, as applied to learning, involve a person’s:
a. association of learning with change
b. grouping of associated perceptions into meaningful wholes
c. ability to recognize the reason for learning a procedure

Answer 19

grouping of associated perceptions into meaningful wholes

Question 20

instruction, as opposed to the trail and error method of learning, is desirable because competent instruction speeds the learning process by:
a. motivating the learner to a better performance
b. emphasizing only the important points of training
c. teaching the relation of perceptions as they occur

Answer 20

teaching the relation of perceptions as they occur

Question 21

name one way an instructor can help develop learner insight:
a. provide a secure and nonthreatening environment in which to learn
b. point out various items to avoid during the learning process
c. keep learning blocks small so they are easier to understand

Answer 21

provide a secure and nonthreatening environment in which to learn

Question 22

the phenomenon of information not used for an extended period of time becoming harder to recall is termed:
fading
forgetting
retrieval failure

Answer 22

fading

Question 23

when a person has difficulty recalling facts after several years, this is known as:
repression
fading
retrieval failure

Answer 23

fading

Question 24

when the learning of similar things overshadows other learning experiences, it is called:
suppression
correlation
interference

Answer 24

interference

Question 25

according to one theory, some forgetting is due to the unconscious practice of submerging an unpleasant experience into the subconscious. this is called: suppression immersion repression

Answer 25

repression

Question 26

responses that produce a pleasurable return are called a. reward b. praise c. positive feedback

Answer 26

praise

Question 27

the act of consciously pushing a memory out of reach due to feelings associated with remembering it is: a. avoidance b. suppression c. repression

Answer 27

suppression

Question 28

when a new experience displaces memories or information that had been previously learned, it is called: a. fading b. retrieval failure c. interference

Answer 28

interference

Question 29

the performance of rectangular pattern helps a learner fly traffic patters. what type transfer of learning is this? lateral positive deliberate

Answer 29

positive

Question 30

which transfer of learning occurs when the performance of a maneuver interferes with the learning of another maneuver? adverse positive negative

Answer 30

negative

Question 31

to ensure proper habits and correct techniques during training, an instructor should? a. use the building block technique of instruction b. repeat subject matter the learner has already learned c. introduce challenging material to continually motivate the learner

Answer 31

use the building block technique of instruction

Question 32

the use or association of rhymes or word patterns to aid in remembering is called: a. acronyms b. mnemonics c. coding

Answer 32

mnemonics

Question 33

which memory system processes input from the environment? working long-term sensory register

Answer 33

sensory register

Question 34

while short-term memory is time-limited, it also has a capacity limit of? a. 5 bits or chunks of info b. 7 bits or chunks of info c. 9 bits or chunks of info

Answer 34

7 bits or chunks of info

Question 35

the use of some type of association, such as rhymes or mnemonics is best suited to which memory system? a. short-term b. sensory c. long-term

Answer 35

short-term

Question 36

how can recoding be described? a. the relating of incoming information to concepts or knowledge already in memory b. the initial storage of information in short-term memory c. the selective process where the sensory register is set to recognize certain stimuli

Answer 36

the relating of incoming information to concepts or knowledge already in memory

Question 37

which of the following memory system would be enhanced with practice and repetition? a. long term b. short term c. perception

Answer 37

short term

Question 38

where is information for future use stored? short term memory long term memory sensory register

Answer 38

long term memory

Question 38

which of the following statements about long-term memory is true? a. long-term memory is a reconstruction, not a pure recall of information or events b. long-term memory is not subject to limitations such as time, biases, and, in many cases, personal inaccuracies c. initial encoding is not related to long-term memory

Answer 38

long-term memory is a reconstruction, not a pure recall of information or events

Question 39

the selective process by which the sensory register discards and transmits certain stimuli to the working memory is called a. recoding b. coding c. precoding

Answer 39

precoding

Question 39

the ability to retrieve knowledge or skills from memory is primarily related to a. absence of interference b. how often that knowledge has been used in the past c. the practice of "information chunking."

Answer 39

how often that knowledge has been used in the past

Question 40

what level of knowledge is being testes if asked, "what is the maneuvering speed of the aircraft listed in the owner's manual?" a. rote b. application c. understanding

Answer 40

rote

Question 41

once a learner understands a procedure, has had the procedure demonstrated, and has practiced the procedure until it can be performed with consistency, the learner has demonstrated what level of learning? a. application b. rote c. duplication

Answer 41

application

Question 42

learners who use test preparation materials in preparing for FAA tests may commit which of the following adverse actions? a. focusing on test-taking skills rather than critical information essential for safe piloting b. excelling in the oral exam portion of practical tests c. focusing on correlation level learning

Answer 42

focusing on test-taking skills rather than critical information essential for safe piloting

Question 43

commercially-developed test preparation material a. teaches higher-order thinking skills b. replaces instructor-led training c. places emphasis on rote learning rather than more advanced learning levels

Answer 43

places emphasis on rote learning rather than more advanced learning levels

Question 44

a disadvantage of using commercially-developed test preparation material is that a. the emphasis is on correlation learning b. learners may learn to pass a given test c. learners often exhibit a lack of knowledge during oral questioning

Answer 44

learners often exhibit a lack of knowledge during oral questioning

Question 45

during the flight portion of a practical test, the examiner simulates complete loss of engine power by closing the throttle and announcing "simulated engine failure" what level of learning is being tested a. application b. correlation c. understanding

Answer 45

correlation

Question 46

when asking a learner to explain how gross weight affects maneuvering speed, what level of learning is being test? a. application b. correlation c. understanding

Answer 46

understanding

Question 47

at which level of learning do most instructors stop teaching: a. application b. correlation c. understanding

Answer 47

application

Question 48

which domain of learning deals with knowledge: a. affective b. cognitive c. psychomotor

Answer 48

cognitive

Question 49

affective domain relates to: a. physical skills b. knowledge c. attitudes, beliefs and values

Answer 49

attitudes, beliefs and values

Question 50

the educational objective levels for the cognitive domain are: a. receiving, responding, valuing, organization and characterization b. perception, set, guided response mechanism, complex overt response, adaptation and origination c. knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation

Answer 50

knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation

Question 51

the most complex outcome in the affective domain is a. organization b. characterization c. valuing

Answer 51

characterization

Question 52

the listing of the hierarchy of objectives is often referred to as a a. taxonomy b. skill c. domain

Answer 52

taxonomy

Question 53

learning objectives can be sorted in a system known as a : a. taxonomy b. database c. schema

Answer 53

taxonomy

Question 54

the least complex outcome in the psychomotor domain is: a. adaptation b. mechanism c. perception

Answer 54

perception

Question 55

which of the following domains relates a grouping of levels of learning associated with a persons attitudes? a. affective b. cognitive c. psychomotor

Answer 55

affective

Question 56

an example of a skill involving the cognitive domain would be: a. understanding how the flight controls should be positioned during a turn b. a positive reception for learning a new skill c. performing a short-field approach and landing to PTS/ACS standards

Answer 56

understanding how the flight controls should be positioned during a turn

Question 57

an example of a skill involving the psychomotor domain would be: a. responsiveness to an instructor's demonstration of steep turns b. applying back pressure to maintain altitude during a steep turn c. correlating pitch control inputs during a medium-bank with those of a steep turn

Answer 57

applying back pressure to maintain altitude during a steep turn

Question 58

which of the following would be an example of a skill involving the psychomotor domain? a. memorizing aircraft v-speeds b. computing takeoff distance over a 50 foot obstacle c. programming a GPS receiver

Answer 58

Programming a GPS

Question 59

an example of a skill involving the affective domain would be: a. responding to an instructor's question b. recalling the information needed to answer an instructors question c. practicing the conditions of an instructors question to determine an answer

Answer 59

responding to an instructor's question

Question 60

which domain of learning includes physical movement and coordination? a. affective b. cognitive c. psychomotor

Answer 60

psychomotor

Question 61

the educational objective levels; receiving, responding, valuing, organization, and characterization; are a part of which domain of learning? a. psychomotor b. affective c. cognitive

Answer 61

affective

Question 62

the educational objective level of the psychomotor domain at which a leaners skill demonstrates new movement patterns and creativity is? a. origination b. complex overt response c. adaptation

Answer 62

origination

Question 63

the least complex outcome in the cognitive domain is? a. synthesis b. knowledge c. comprehension

Answer 63

knowledge

Question 64

the best way to prepare a learner to perform a task is to: a. explain the purpose of the task b. provide a clear, step-by-step example c. give the learner an outline of the task

Answer 64

provide a step-by-step example

Question 65

during learning, a leveling-off process of plateau is: a. normal and should be expected after an initial period of rapid improvement b. normal and can be overcome with more practice c. not moral and requires that the instructor reteach the lesson in a different format to ensure learner learning and retention

Answer 65

normal and should be expected after an initial period of rapid improvement

Question 66

a learning plateau may be defined as the: a. leveling-off in learning at the point which a learner has reached the highest competence of a particular subject b. gradual decrease in learning almost to the point where it appears to have ceases before it resumes and proficiency increases c. point in the learning curve at which skill proficiency retrogresses

Answer 66

gradual decrease in learning almost to the point where it appears to have ceases before it resumes and proficiency increases

Question 67

which is true concerning "learning plateaus" a. leaning plateaus are the direct result of poor instruction b. learning plateaus are a normal part of the learning process and tend to by temporary c. learning plateaus are caused by under-practice

Answer 67

learning plateaus are a normal part of the learning process and tend to by temporary

Question 68

instructors can help learners who arrive at a learning plateau by: a. continuing practice to help the learner more past it b. assuming that the plateau represents the learners maximum skill achievement c. moving the learner to a different place in the curriculum

Answer 68

moving the learner to a different place in the curriculum

Question 69

the three stages of skill acquisition are: a. cognitive, associative, and automatic b. cognitive, understanding, and automatic c. cognitive, additional, and automatic

Answer 69

cognitive, associative, and automatic

Question 70

which stage of skill acquisition is characterized by the ability to perform a procedure rapidy and smoothly while devoting little deliberate attention to performance and simultaneously performing other tasks? a. cognitive stage b. associative stage c. automatic response stage

Answer 70

automatic response stage

Question 71

which stage of skill acquisition may be characterized by learner ability to assess personal progress and make adjustments in performance? a. cognitive stage b. associative stage c. automatic response stage

Answer 71

associative stage

Question 72

distractions can be used as a valuable learning tool, but they should be avoided during? a. deliberate practice b. blocked practice c. random practice

Answer 72

deliberate practice

Question 73

If a learner can fly an ILS while communicating with ATC at the same time, they have reached which stage of skill acquisition? a. associative stage b. automatic response stage c. psychomotor stage

Answer 73

automatic response stage

Question 74

studies of skill learning suggest that a learner achieves better results if distractions are avoided during what type of practice? a. deliberate practice b. blocked practice c. random practice

Answer 74

deliberate practice

Question 75

what type of practice is repeating the same drill or doing the same task again and again until the movement becomes automatic? a. deliberate b. blocked c. random

Answer 75

blocked

Question 76

which stage of skill acquisition may be characterized by performing memorized steps unaware of progress? a. cognitive stage b. associative stage c. automatic response stage

Answer 76

cognitive stage

Question 77

distractions interjected by instructor's during training may help? a. learners learn to ignore distractions b. learners determined whether or not a distraction warrants further attention or action on their part c. leaners learn more effective multitasking techniques

Answer 77

learners determined whether or not a distraction warrants further attention or action on their part