Focused PAD and PVD

Question 1

what are some ss of PAD

Answer 1

intermittent claudication, paresthesia, thin/shiny/taunt skin, loss of hair on lower extremities, diminished/absent pedal/popliteal/femoral pulses, pallor of foot with dependent positions

Question 2

what are some things the patient can do to help with PAD

Answer 2

low impact exercise (walking), weight loss (BMI less the 25 with DASH diet), A1c less then 7 (DM), decrease hyperlipidemia

Question 3

what are some causes of PAD

Answer 3

athersclerosis, smoking, chronic kidney diease, DM, hypercholesterolemia

Question 4

what should you not take with plavix/asprin

Answer 4

omeprazole or grape juice

Question 5

what are some complications that can occur with PAD

Answer 5

atrophy of skin and underlying muscles, delayed healing, wound infection, tissue necrosis, arterial ulcers, gangrene

Question 6

what are some ss of abdominal aortic aneurysm

Answer 6

often asymptomatic, may have back pain, epigastric discomfort, altered bowel elimination, intermitten claudication, pulsating abdomen

Question 7

what are some ss of ascending aorta/aortic arch/thoracic aneurysm

Answer 7

angina, shoulder pain, ischemic attacks, coughing, SOB, hoarsness, dyspnea

Question 8

what are some complications that can occur bc of aneurysm

Answer 8

cardiac tamponade, occlusion of supply, renal ischemia, abdominal ischemia, rupture

Question 9

what is the most accurate test for aneuysm

Answer 9

CT with contrast

Question 10

what is used for monitoring or screening for anurysms

Answer 10

Ultrasonography

Question 11

what is the HR and BP goal for aneurysm

Answer 11

HR 60 or less, Systolic BP 100-110

Question 12

what are some complications of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repai

Answer 12

endoleak, graft migration (bc sutureless), aneurysm growth/rupture, graft thrombosis

Question 13

what are some conservative thearpy meds used for aneurysms

Answer 13

morphine, beta blockers, ACE, ARBs, Satins,

Question 14

what is buerger disease caused by and what happens

Answer 14

smoking, claudication in feet, and lower extremites (worse at night) - sensitivity to cold, gangrene ulcers

Question 15

what is raynaud syndrome caused by

Answer 15

autoimmune trigger causes painful vasospasms, red and white skin color, sensitivity to cold

Question 16

what are the 3 risk factors for venous thrombosis

Answer 16

venous stasis, damage of epithelium, hypercoagulability

Question 17

what kind of conditions cause venous stasis

Answer 17

obese, pregnant, long trips, spinal cord injury, fractured hip

Question 18

what are some ss of venous insufficency

Answer 18

brownish thick skin, itching, eczema, painful leg edema, dermatitis

Question 19

what is the treatment used for venous insufficency

Answer 19

compression and elevation first then can do moist dressings, diet high in protein and calories

Question 20

what are some ss of venous thrombosis

Answer 20

unilateral edmea, pain, erythema

Question 21

what are some meds used for venous thrombosis

Answer 21

lovenox, heparin, warfarin

Question 22

what lab levels monitor heparin

Answer 22

aPTT, aXa

Question 23

what is venous insufficency

Answer 23

prolonged venous hypertension that stretches and damages vein and valves

Question 24

what are the 3 Es of treatment for varicose veins

Answer 24

elastic compression stockings, exercise, elevation