FOAM Flashcards
There are two main categories of foam in use in the department. What are they? 2.1.
High Expansion Class A
Low expansion. Class B
Low expansion foams are useful on
Class — and ———-.
2.1
Class B
Spills involving flammable and combustible material.
They provide extinguishment and vapor control when properly selected and applied.
High expansion foams are intended to fight fires of Class —- combustible materials in areas that are?
2.1
Class A
Inaccessible to firefighters such as cellars and ship-holds
Not suitable for use on outdoor flammable liquid fires.
T/F
High expansion foam is suitable for use on outdoor flammable liquid fires. 2.1
False
not suitable for use on outdoor flammable liquid fires
Foam an important point to consider is that the fire must be —- extinguished or it will begin to go back across the surface as soon as the foam begins to breakdown. 2.2.
Completely
Foam provides ———.
2.2
Long lasting control
The department presently uses 2 types of LOW expansion foams:
Universal Gold, 1%-3% alcohol resistant AFFF is used for?
AFFF?
2.3
GOLD AFFF-Flammable and combustible liquid fires.
AFFF- Oil Burner
T/F
Different types of foam CONCENTRATES. are compatible and should be mixed during operations or for storage. 2.3.
False
Are not compatible and should never be mixed during an operations or for storage .
PS at an incident, it is permissible to apply 2 different types of low expansion foam simultaneously using 2 different appliances.
T/F ***
Hi-EX foam for use on Class A confined space fires, is not to be used in conjunction with low expansion foam for flammable liquid fires. 2.3.
True
Protein foam is —— —— by FDNY.
2.3
Not used.
Foam solution is the mixture that results when the foam concentrate is proportion at a predetermined rate with ——-. 2.4
Water
Foam solution can be produced in several ways?
2.4
Premixed solutions such as the AFFF extinguisher.
Foam Eductor
Concentrate at the proper proportion into pumper is also receiving a source of water.
T/F
Premix solutions such as AFFF extinguisher breakdown overtime, especially around hot metal pipes, and boiler rooms. As a precaution, a foam handline should be made ready. 2.4
True
LITH-X EXT is very good on hot metal surfaces but not good on vertical.
What do they call a foam that is applied to the fire or spill and accomplishes the extinguishment. 2.5.
Finished firefighting foam.
The department primarily uses aerated foam when producing
a —-% finished foam blanket. 2.5.
3%
Finished Firefighting Foam.
When Port Authority crash trucks have applied AFFF to a spill. It is important to recognize the FAST draining nature of AFFF foam under the circumstances and avoid entering the area until a stable
———— foam blanket has been established by FDNY units throughout the area to control ———. 2.5.
AR-AFFF
Vapors
Finished firefighting foams are designed to be ——- then fuels they are placed on. 2.5.
Lighter
Thus float on the surface of the fuel
Finished firefighting foams
4 primary methods of extinguishment? 2.5.
Smothers
Suppresses
Separates
Cools
Low expansion foam. Universal gold 1% to 3% alcohol resistant.
(AR-AFFF)
T/F
Is freeze/thaw stable, upon thawing there is no performance loss.
3.1
True
Low expansion foam. Universal gold 1% to 3% alcohol resistant.
(AR-AFFF)
T/F
Can be mixed with any other type of foam product.
3.1
False
Should not be mixed with any other type of foam product
Low expansion foam. Universal gold 1% to 3% alcohol resistant.
(AR-AFFF)
T/F
Can be used side-by-side with other foam products on the same fire when necessary
3.1
True
Low expansion foam. Universal gold 1% to 3% alcohol resistant.
(AR-AFFF)
T/F
Can be generated with either fresh or salt water
3.1
True
Low expansion foam. Universal gold 1% to 3% alcohol resistant.
(AR-AFFF)
if properly Stored it can remain effective up to how many years
3.1
25 years
AR-AFFF
Which one is wrong?
Don’t mix concentrate.
Can’t be used side-by-side with other foam on same fire.
Fresh or salt water.
25 years.
Red banded
3 5-gallon containers on engine
2 5-gallon containers on ladder.
3.1
Can be used side-by-side with other foam on same fire
AFFF is NOT suitable for?
3.2.
Polar solvents
(Gas, Gasohol)
AFFF excellent on which substances?
3.2.
Hydrocarbons
(Fuel oil, kerosene, jet fuel products)
T/F
AFFF rapid drainage time cause poor resistance to flashback and burn-back.
3.2
True
AFFF has little fuel shedding ability
———- be used for sub surface injection.
3.2
Should not
AFFF is excellent for sealing against hot metal tank services. 3.2.
False
Has trouble sealing
What are three things that affect the stability of AFFF blanket?
3.2
Wind
Water Spray
Extended pre burn times
Use of the AFFF 2 1/2 gallon ext with straight bore nozzle is good to be used 2 situations?
3.2
Small oil burner IN or OUT of PIT
What are the band colors for these concentrates?
AR-AFFF?
HI -Expansion?
AFFF?
4.1
Red
Yellow
Black
In terms of foam concentrate what must be avoided at all costs, particularly in the storage tanks of foam tankers and foam tenders. 4.2.
Mixing different concentrates must be avoided
Either prior to or after the evacuation has occurred, units will arrive and may be faced with the task of overhaul the scene. This can involve entering a foam blanket that is floating on jet fuel. Prior to and throughout the entry into the area, a blanket of aerated ————
Foam should be applied to provide maximum security to our members.
4.2
AR-AFFF
Pre-mixing solutions provide little benefit and should be restricted to pre-mixing of ——- and limited to a 2 1/2 gallon handheld extinguisher. 5.1.
A-FFF
When using the foam eductors what size line must you use? 6.1.
You can use 1 3/4 or 2 1/2
Handlines with for nozzles may be used in conjunction with any eductor and are very useful at small operations like oil burner with fire outside the pit, gas pump knocked over, car fire with Russia, gas tank, a small spill of approximately—— square feet. 6.2
Approximately 600 square feet.
When would a foam tanker be called into play at medium size flammable combustible liquid incident, such as a spill over —— feet.
6.3
Over 600 square feet
(tanker truck mishap)
When would the master stream nozzle for large type operation such as oil tank farms, large spill —— square feet. 6.4.
Over 2000 square feet
Form operations
Classify these spills in square footage?
Small
Medium
Large
Small approximately 600 ft.²
Medium OVER 600 ft.²
Large OVER 2000 ft.²
How many 5 gallon containers of Red Band AR-AFFF does these companies carry
Ladder?
Engines?
7.2
2 Ladders
3 Engines
Each engine company has also been issued a handline foam eductor which flows —- gallons per minute 7.2
125 gallons per minute
First alarm assignment three engines two trucks should provide — 5 gallon containers of foam, which is a total of — gallons of AR-AFFF foam concentrate.
7.2
13 5 gallon containers
Total of 65 gallons of concentrate
The first alarm assignments at a foam operation will provide approximately—- minutes of finished firefighting foam at —-% setting on the eductor with the air rating foam nozzle.
7.2
17 minutes
3%
PS at 3% the eductor will be consuming 3.75 gallons of foam concentrate per minute
When supplying the foam tanker with water, a dedicated engine company with an operating hydrant shall be assigned to the task. Water shall be supplied to the gated inlet of the foam tanker at —— PSI.
7.4
200 psi
If there is no hazard with leaving a spill uncovered, it will greatly assist in recovery however, if the IC has any doubts about a product cover it with foam.
True
Choose the incorrect point. Considerations at a flammable/combustible liquid incident.
Position apparatus upwind
Position apparatus uphill
Identify the product
Transmitting 10-80
8.2
Transmit the 1080 has now been changed
to
request a hazmat response.
NEW
T/F
Stretch a foam handline and put it into operation if upon arrival the following is observed:
Product on fire
It is a flammable liquid
Members will be operating in the area
The product causes an exposure problem
8.2
True
PS eliminate all sources of ignition, starting with the area downwind and downhill
Foam operations.
Fire in a confined are.
such as a tank direct the stream? 8.3.
Against the side or back of the burning area. The velocity of the stream will be broken in the foam of fall gently over the surface.
Foam Operations. Fire in the confined area, such as tanks or pits.
If the top of the container is close to the ground and there is little or no freeboard inside the tank. The stream should be directed at?
8.3
the ground in front of the tank in such a matter as to bounce the foam onto the burning surface..
PS with tanks of this magnitude is imperative that enough foam concentrate is on scene, before any foam operation is started.
Choose incorrect bullet point if there is one :
Stretch foam line and operate on arrival if:
Product is on fire
Product is flammable
Members will be operating in the area
The product causes an exposure problem
8.3
It is a flammable LIQUID
Entry into a foam blanket should be limited to? 8.4.
Rescue of trapped or injured victims.
Tank truck incidents.
If the leak is near the bottom of the tank and the leaking product has a specific gravity of less than —— almost all flammable and combustible liquids do. What is the proper course of action? 8.5
Less than 1
It may be advisable to add water to the tank if there is room at the top to do so. The water will settle to the bottom of the tank and the product will float on top of the water resulting in a water leak.
T/F
Tank truck accident with a leak.
Once spill is abated and the leak stopped, a decision has to be made whether to allow the tanker to proceed or have it offloaded. If confident of the vehicle can be moved without the leak starting again, and engine company may escort the vehicle to the loading facility if the facility is within NYC. If the truck has to leave NYC notify the adjoining jurisdiction And have an engine company escort the vehicle to the border. If the vehicle is not in any condition to move, the contents have to be offloaded. 8.5.
True
Tank truck rollover with a leak.
If the tanker is an old style 3000 or 4000 gallon truck with a ——-tank, the likelihood of a split in the shell is reduced. The truck will leak around the manholes on the top. If the tanker is constructed of ——- it may split open spill in large quantity of product. 8.6.
Steel
Aluminum
T/F Tanker truck rollover with a leak.
A vehicle that has rolled onto its side must be offloaded. Never attempt to operate a loaded vehicle. 8.6
True
Tanker truck accident with a fire.
With the older steel tanks, a——- can occur.
8.7
BLEVE
With the newer aluminum tanks, the problem of the Bleve has been reduced because the shell will melt at approximately 1220°F
If the tank is made to steel, or when an aluminum tank remains intact, the chance of a Bleve still exists and it’s extremely important to?
8.7
Large caliber stream on the vapor area of the tank quickly. This should be done before or if enough resources are on scene in conjunction with stretching a foam handline.
To determine a foam assembly point for the foam tanker or tender to deliver foam concentrate the best placement for this is at? 8.8.
An intersection where the units can come in from ONE Direction and LEAVE by another.
Airplane incident requiring foam
Aviation, gasoline, and Jet A.
AFFF foam used by the PAPD
AR-AFFF foam used by the FDNY is compatible when used together as finished firefighting foams. 8.9.
False
Used Separately
( not mixed together as concentrate)
The PAPD’s larger Oshkosh crash vehicles have enough foam to resupply themselves five times. The priority of the FDNY is?
8.9.
Priority
Supply them with water
If Operations are going to involve members working in the vapor area of the airplane crash with fuel present, it is imperative to apply ——- foam blanket over —— foam blanket produced by the PAPD.
8.9
AR-AFFF foam over the AFFF.
Airplane incidents not on airport property:
First arriving units —— place a foam handline into operation.
First alarm units should obtain a positive water source and set up for a ——- —-. 8.9.
Should
Foam Tanker
All of NYC’s bulk oil storage facilities have a fire protection system in place. Our first consideration is to supply the system with what is needed some systems need 1 of 3 things? 8.10
Water
Concentrate
Foam Solution
Bulk oil tank incidents.
——- ——- applied to exposures before they become involved is essential
8.10
Quick water
A tank that is —- will act as a heat sink and will not be as dangerous as a tank that is ——- . 8.10.
Full
Partially full
(Vapors is more dangerous than a tank full of product)
T/F Bulk oil tank incidents.
Do not use water indiscriminately at these fires. Use water only when tank is steaming, when the tank stops steaming shut down the line.
8.10
True
How to recognize a pressurized container?
8.10
Rounded ends, they MUST be cooled.
Operate streams from the side of these tanks.
T/F
Pressurized tanks if the relief valve increases in noise and or the flame jet increases in height withdrawal all manpower and equipment.
8.10
False
Withdraw personnel except unmanned lines. This indicates a serious Bleve potential.
T/F
While working in a foam blanket for a rescue facepiece must be in the standby position .. 8.13.
False
Facepiece Donned
Foam concentrate should be stacked no more than —- containers high. 10.1
No more than two containers high
Field units required additional container of AR-AFFF and HI-EX foam shall obtain them from the nearest ——.
If AFFF foam concentrate utilized in a 2 1/2 inch gallon extinguisher is needed unit shall requisition it from the ———-. 11.1
Foam Depot
Fire Tools and Equipment Unit.
All eductors of engine companies should be tested how often? 12.3.
Weekly at MUD
When eductors are being tested at mud weekly, the ECC supplies —- psi to the eductor? 12.3.
200 psi
PS place a hand over the bottom of the foam pick up tube. Suction should be felt.
Hi-EX foam is best suited for —— on Class - fires. 13.1.
Confined areas
Class A
It is not recommended for the use on flammable liquid incidents because the foam blanket can become permitted with vapors which can subsequently ignite.
Hi – EX foam is not recommended for the use on? 13.1.
Flammable liquid incidents because the foam blanket can become permeated with vapors which can subsequently ignite.
HI-EX foam is primarily used to control fires that are inaccessible or difficult to approach due to ——- —-. 13.2
Excessive heat.
It is particularly suited for Class A fires in confined spaces.
Under certain conditions HI-EX foam can be found effective on
Liquid natural gas fires LNG
Suppressing or minimizing the release of toxic or flammable vapors with the exception of ?
13.2
Liquid petroleum gas
LPG
Limitations of high X foam.
Which one is incorrect
1-can be used on alcohol or polar solvents.
2-short drainage time frequent re-applications
3- relatively poor burn back resistance
4-freezing weather could have an adverse effect on the foam concentrate and finished foam blanket.
13.6
1-should not be used on alcohol or polar solvents
Hi-EX foam concentrate has what color band. 13.8.
Yellow
T/F
Components of HI-EX foam.
The length of line should be kept as short as possible by placing the pumper or manifold as close to the operation as conditions permit. 13.8.
True
Can you use fresh or salt water to develop HI-EX foam.
13.8
Yes
Which eductor should have a 1 inch yellow band painted around the THROAT ?
13.8.
The eductor supplied with the HI-EX generator.
PS metering valve if present may be adjusted to 1% to 6%
Although a relatively small flow water is required for HI-EX operations—GPM, HiGH pump pressure is necessary to overcome the pressure loss at the eductor.
13.9.
60GPM
Hi-EX foam Operations maintain between —- psi and —- psi at the inlet of the eductor to deliver sufficient water under pressure to the foam generator. 13.9.
200 psi-to 220 psi
Eductor placement, — length from the pumper or at the generator. Placement— length from the pumper is recommended position for most fire situations. 13.10.
1
1
Pick the wrong bullet point
Eductor placement.
One placed 1 length from the pumper or generator affords better control of
1-Water flow rates
2-Metering valve settings
3- Foam supply expands distance foam concentrate must be transported.
13.10
3- reduces distance from concentrate must be transported
At the completion of foam operations, the ECC should remove the eductor pick up tube from the foam container, place it in a pile of fresh, clean water, and run the system at the SAME PRESSURE used during operations for —- minutes to adequately flush foam from all components of the system. 13.12.
15 minutes
The foam chute applicator. The chute should be ——— larger in diameter than the mouth of the generator secured by metal band or rope. 13.14.
1 foot
T/F
The foam chute can be placed to deliver foam at a level higher than that of the generator. 13.14.
False
Cannot
Generator cannot overcome back pressure of the foam.
T/F
Before HI-EX. Foam operations are started, all members operating in and around the fire area must be warned. Heat generated by the fire and steam, resulting from the introduction of foam will be forced to upper and adjoining sections of the fire area. A warning is also required to prevent operating forces from becoming enveloped in foam.
13.15.
True
Hi-EX. foam. Horizontal ventilation, at the point of entry of the finished firefighting foam, will allow the release of build-up pressure as a result of the steam developed by the foam coming in contact with fire.
13.15
False
Opposite the point of entry
T/F
HI-EX Foam.
Vertical ventilation should not be attempted if it places members in a dangerous position.
13.15
True
The foam generator must be positioned in an area, relatively clear of smoke heat and foam.
13.15
False
Should be
When using the generator to fill an area on the SAME level as a generator, it is necessary to seal the area around the foam discharge. The sealing of this area is essentially keeping the foam contained. The seal of the area around the chute discharge use materials such as? 13.15.
Wood, rugs, cardboard, salvage, plastic, drapes, and or trampaulins etc.
Members operating in a foam environment.
Electrical equipment —— before the team enters the area. 13.16.
Must be de-energized
If members become submerged in foam what will be impaired and the possibility of becoming disorientated greatly increases. 13.16.
Hearing and vision will be impaired
PS HT’s transmission will become garbled. Microphone can be placed inside of the Turnout coat however, when you use to transmit, it shall be placed directly on the voicemitter while the other hand uses a waving motion to clear the area around it.
Foam will cause the skin to get what type of Burn?
13.16.
Detergent Burn
T/F
HI-EX foam is a firefighting tool that uses a lot of water.
13.17
False
Minimum amount of water and should be considered for use of water when it is at a premium.
T/F
HI-EX generators should be positioned facing each other.
13.18
False
Should not be positioned facing each other
