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FNP RLE Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

Importance of heat application

A
  • Reduces pain sensation
  • Promotes vasodilation
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2
Q

importance of cold application

A
  • Slows pain sensation
  • Reduces inflammation
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3
Q

importance of counterirritant

A
  • To relieve pain
  • To divert patient’s attention
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4
Q

indication of Heat Application

A
  • Muscle spasm
  • Inflammation
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5
Q

indication of Cold Application

A
  • Traumatic injury
  • Inflammation
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6
Q

indication of counterirritant

A
  • Painful muscles and joints
  • Patients with arthritis
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7
Q

contraindication of Heat Application

A
  • Cutaneous injuries
  • Present malignancies
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8
Q

contraindication of Cold Application

A
  • Presence of open wound
  • Impaired circulation and allergy and hypersensitivity to cold
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9
Q

contraindication of Counterirritant

A
  • Open wounds
  • Impaired sensation
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10
Q

moist heat

A
  1. Warm soak
  2. Hot moist compress
  3. Sitz bath
  4. Paraffin bath
  5. Whirlpool bath
  6. Hubbard tank
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11
Q

dry heat

A
  1. Aquathermia pads
  2. Heat lamp
  3. Heat cradle
  4. Commercial hot pack
  5. Hot water bottle
  6. Electrical pad
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12
Q

Moist Cold

A
  1. Cold soak
  2. Sterile/cold compress
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13
Q

Dry cold

A
  1. Commercial cold pack
  2. Ice bag/collar
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14
Q

MECHANISMS OF HEAT TRANSFER

A

Conduction
Convection
Evaporation
Radiation

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15
Q

Conduction

A

direct contact

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16
Q

Convection

A

air movement

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17
Q

Evaporation

A

liquid changed to gas

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18
Q

Radiation

A

without direct contact

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19
Q

SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES involved in heat and cold application

A
  • Anatomy and physiology
  • Microbiology
  • Chemistry
  • Physics
  • Psychology
  • Time and energy
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20
Q

EFFECTS OF HEAT APPLICATION

A

Mostly increase (Vasodilation)
- Decrease muscle tension
- Decrease blood viscosity
- Decrease venous congestion

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21
Q

EFFECTS OF COLD APPLICATION

A

Mostly decrease (Vasoconstriction)
- Increase muscle tension
- Increase blood viscosity
- Increase venous congestion

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22
Q

GUIDELINES in heat and cold application

A
  • Determine client’s ability to tolerate the therapy
  • Identify conditions that may contraindicate treatment
  • Explain the application to the client
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23
Q

SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES in parenteral meds

A

Microbiology
Pharmacology
Anatomy and Physiology
Chemistry
Psychology
Sociology
Safety and Security
Time and Energy
Physics

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24
Q

ADVANTAGES OF PARENTERAL MEDS

A
  • It provides a precise dose to the targeted area of the body
  • Useful for clients who are in a mental or physical state that make other routes difficult of impossible
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25
Q

DISADVANTAGES OF PARENTERAL MEDS

A
  • Can result to adverse metabolic effects like dehydration, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, infection etc.
  • Patients are at a risk for unsafe injection practices which can cause infection
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26
Q

FACTORS AFFECTING parenteral meds

A
  • Body mass index
  • Angle of insertion
  • Route
  • Age
  • Length of needle
  • Circulatory status
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27
Q

Parts of a needle

A
  • Bevel
  • Shaft or cannula
  • Needle hub
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28
Q

Types of syringe

A
  • Hypodermic syringe
  • Hypodermic needle
  • Insulin syringe
  • Tuberculin syringe
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29
Q

Parts of syringe

A
  • Tip
  • Barrel
  • Plunger
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30
Q

Types of needle gauges

A
  • Type of tissue being penetrated
  • Medication’s viscosity or how thick and sticky it is
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31
Q

SAFE ANATOMICAL SITES in intradermal

A
  • Inner lower arm
  • Upper chest
  • Back beneath the scapula
32
Q

SAFE ANATOMICAL SITES in Subcutaneous

A
  • Outer aspect of upper arms
  • Anterior aspect of thighs
  • Abdomen
  • Scapular areas of the upper back
  • Upper ventrogluteal
  • Dorsogluteal areas
33
Q

SAFE ANATOMICAL SITES in Intramuscular

A
  • Deltoid
  • Ventrogluteal
  • Vastus lateralis
34
Q

SITE OF INJECTION AND ITS LANDMARKS Deltoid

A
  • Acromion process
    3-5cm (1-2 inches) below the AP
    Three fingerwidths below the AP
35
Q

SITE OF INJECTION AND ITS LANDMARKS ventrogluteal

A
  • Greater trochanter
  • Anterior superior iliac spine
  • Iliac crest
36
Q

SITE OF INJECTION AND ITS LANDMARKS Vastus lateralis

A
  • Greater trochanter
  • Lateral femoral condyle
    (potential injury of the sciatic nerve)
    Dividing the greater trochanter of femur and lateral femoral condyle into thirds and selecting the middle third
37
Q

GUIDELINES IN PARENTERAL MEDS

A
  1. Air must be injected into the vial before the medication can be withdrawn
  2. Dispose of the top of the ampule in a sharps container
  3. Do not touch the rim of the ampule with the needle tip or shaft
  4. Maintain aseptic technique at all times
38
Q

ways to reduce patient discomfort in parenteral meds

A
  1. Use sharp-beveled needle in the smallest suitable length and gauge
  2. Position a patient as comfortably as possible to reduce muscle tension
  3. Select the proper injection site, using anatomical landmarks
39
Q

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES before parenteral meds

A
  • Explain the procedure to the client
  • Double checking the medication order and verifying the medicine that was prepared
40
Q

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES during parenteral meds

A
  • Injecting quickly and smoothly into the injection site to avoid causing more pain to the patient
  • Locating the proper site of injection
  • Disinfecting the site of injection
41
Q

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES after parenteral meds

A
  • Documentation
  • Provide Health teachings to the client
  • Proper disposal of syringes to avoid causing potential hazards
42
Q

PURPOSE OF BED MAKING

A
  • Promotes neat appearance and cleanliness
  • Prevents bed sores
43
Q

IMPORTANCE OF BED MAKING

A
  • Provides physical and psychological comfort to patient
44
Q

PRINCIPLES IN BED MAKING

A
  • Microbiology
  • Body mechanics
  • Safety and Security
  • Time and Energy
  • Physics
45
Q

COMMON TYPES OF BED

A
  • Open Bed
  • Closed bed
  • Cradle bed
  • Surgical/ Post operative bed
46
Q

SPECIAL TYPES OF BED

A
  • Balkan frame bed
  • Bradform frame bed
  • Stryker wedge frame bed
  • Circoelectric bed
  • Water bed
  • Rotation bed
  • Clinton therapy bed
  • Air therapy bed
47
Q

KINDS OF LINEN

A
  • Bottom sheet
  • Rubber sheet
  • Cotton draw sheet
  • Top sheet
  • Pillow sheet
48
Q

GUIDELINES in bed making

A
  • Wash hands thoroughly before and after handling client’s bed linen
  • Hold soiled linens away from the body
49
Q

IMPORTANCE OF SHAMPOO

A
  • Improves well being
  • Removes dirt particles and dead cells
50
Q

INDICATIONS of shampooing

A
  • Immobilized patients
  • Hair is dirty, dull, oily, and tangled
51
Q

CONTRAINDICATIONS of shampooing

A
  • Patients who undergone surgery especially in areas near the head
  • Patients with neck injury
52
Q

FACTORS AFFECTING shampooing

A
  • Age
  • Environment
  • Gender
  • Race
  • Beliefs
53
Q

PRINCIPLES INVOLVED IN HAIR & SHAMPOO

A
  • Anatomy and Physiology
  • Microbiology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Body Mechanics
54
Q

GUIDELINES IN CBB

A
  • Provide privacy
  • Maintain safety
  • Use damp cloths to protect the eyes and cotton balls for the ear
55
Q

GUIDELINES before shampooing

A
  1. Explain the procedure to the patient
  2. Prepare the materials needed and inquire patient about preference of shampoo
  3. Remove pins and ribbons before shampooing
56
Q

GUIDELINES during shampooing

A
  1. Protect the patient’s eyes and ears using damp cloth
  2. Ensure the patient’s comfort
  3. Use warm water
57
Q

GUIDELINES after shampooing

A
  1. Ask the patient how he/she feels
  2. Comb the patient’s hair with his/her preference
  3. Document by recording the result in the patient’s chart
58
Q

COMMON HAIR AND SCALP PROBLEMS

A
  1. Head lice
  2. Pediculosis
  3. Dandruff
  4. Seborrheic Dermatitis
  5. Ticks
  6. Alopecia
59
Q

IMPORTANCE OF CLEANSING BED BATH

A
  • Promotes circulation through the body
  • Provides range of motion exercise during the procedure
60
Q

PRINCIPLES INVOLVED IN CBB

A
  • Human Anatomy and Physiology
  • Microbiology
  • Physics and Chemistry
  • Psychology and Sociology
  • Body Mechanics
61
Q

KINDS OF BATH

A
  1. Complete bed bath
  2. Partial bed bath
  3. Tub bath
  4. Sponge bath at the sink
  5. Shower
  6. Bag bath/travel bath
  7. Self-help bath
  8. Therapeutic baths
  9. Chlorhexidine Gluconate bath
62
Q

TYPES OF MASSAGE

A
  1. Petrissage or kneading
  2. Effleurage
  3. Friction stroke
  4. Three handed effleurage
  5. Tapotement
63
Q

IMPORTANCE OF IVF

A
  • To recover from dehydration
  • To supply nutrients needed by the body
64
Q

PURPOSE OF IVF

A
  • Treatment of infection using antibiotics
  • Medication administration
65
Q

ADVANTAGE OF IVF

A
  • Allows faster vitamin absorption
  • Rapid onset of effect
  • Can customize IV therapies
66
Q

DISADVANTAGE OF IVF

A
  • Self-medication is not possible
  • Possible bacterial contamination
  • Pain and inconvenience at the site of infection
67
Q

SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLE INVOLVED IN IVF

A
  • Anatomy and Physiology
  • Psychology
  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Mathematics
  • Safety and Security
  • Sociology
  • Chemistry
  • Physics
68
Q

FACTORS AFFECTING IVF INSERTION

A
  • Accessibility of the veins
  • Condition of the patient’s extremities
69
Q

TYPES OF IVF INFUSION SYSTEM

A
  1. Electrolyte solution
  2. Nutrient solution
  3. Alkalizing solution
  4. Acidifying solution
  5. Blood volume expanders
70
Q

Local COMPLICATIONS OF IV FLUID THERAPY

A
  • Intravenous infiltration
  • Intravenous extravasation
  • Hematoma
  • Phlebitis
  • Thrombophlebitis
  • Phlebothrombosis
  • Sclerosis or multiple sclerosis
71
Q

Systemic Complications OF IV FLUID THERAPY

A
  • Pyrogenic reaction
  • Pulmonary embolism
  • Air embolism
  • Catheter embolism
  • Pulmonary edema
  • Speed shock
  • Nerve damage
  • Pneumothorax
  • Hydrothorax
  • Hemothorax
72
Q

MANAGEMENT OF COMMON IVF COMPLICATIONS

A
  • Heat therapy can be repeated 3-4 times during the day
  • Assist in IV reinsertion if needed
73
Q

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES before ivf

A
  • Explain the procedure to the client
  • Determine the type and sequence of solution to be infused
74
Q

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES during ivf

A
  • Observe the rate of flow every hour
  • Label the intravenous tubing
75
Q

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES after ivf

A
  • Teach the client ways to maintain infusion system
  • Document the relevant dates, including assessment
76
Q

GUIDELINES in ivf

A
  • Disinfect the injection site prior to injection from inner to outer circular motion
  • Always wear gloves since this procedure exposes you to the patient’s blood or body fluid

FNP (7 decks)

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