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FNP RLE Flashcards

1
Q

Importance of heat application

A
  • Reduces pain sensation
  • Promotes vasodilation
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2
Q

importance of cold application

A
  • Slows pain sensation
  • Reduces inflammation
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3
Q

importance of counterirritant

A
  • To relieve pain
  • To divert patient’s attention
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4
Q

indication of Heat Application

A
  • Muscle spasm
  • Inflammation
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5
Q

indication of Cold Application

A
  • Traumatic injury
  • Inflammation
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6
Q

indication of counterirritant

A
  • Painful muscles and joints
  • Patients with arthritis
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7
Q

contraindication of Heat Application

A
  • Cutaneous injuries
  • Present malignancies
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8
Q

contraindication of Cold Application

A
  • Presence of open wound
  • Impaired circulation and allergy and hypersensitivity to cold
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9
Q

contraindication of Counterirritant

A
  • Open wounds
  • Impaired sensation
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10
Q

moist heat

A
  1. Warm soak
  2. Hot moist compress
  3. Sitz bath
  4. Paraffin bath
  5. Whirlpool bath
  6. Hubbard tank
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11
Q

dry heat

A
  1. Aquathermia pads
  2. Heat lamp
  3. Heat cradle
  4. Commercial hot pack
  5. Hot water bottle
  6. Electrical pad
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12
Q

Moist Cold

A
  1. Cold soak
  2. Sterile/cold compress
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13
Q

Dry cold

A
  1. Commercial cold pack
  2. Ice bag/collar
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14
Q

MECHANISMS OF HEAT TRANSFER

A

Conduction
Convection
Evaporation
Radiation

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15
Q

Conduction

A

direct contact

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16
Q

Convection

A

air movement

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17
Q

Evaporation

A

liquid changed to gas

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18
Q

Radiation

A

without direct contact

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19
Q

SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES involved in heat and cold application

A
  • Anatomy and physiology
  • Microbiology
  • Chemistry
  • Physics
  • Psychology
  • Time and energy
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20
Q

EFFECTS OF HEAT APPLICATION

A

Mostly increase (Vasodilation)
- Decrease muscle tension
- Decrease blood viscosity
- Decrease venous congestion

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21
Q

EFFECTS OF COLD APPLICATION

A

Mostly decrease (Vasoconstriction)
- Increase muscle tension
- Increase blood viscosity
- Increase venous congestion

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22
Q

GUIDELINES in heat and cold application

A
  • Determine client’s ability to tolerate the therapy
  • Identify conditions that may contraindicate treatment
  • Explain the application to the client
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23
Q

SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES in parenteral meds

A

Microbiology
Pharmacology
Anatomy and Physiology
Chemistry
Psychology
Sociology
Safety and Security
Time and Energy
Physics

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24
Q

ADVANTAGES OF PARENTERAL MEDS

A
  • It provides a precise dose to the targeted area of the body
  • Useful for clients who are in a mental or physical state that make other routes difficult of impossible
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25
DISADVANTAGES OF PARENTERAL MEDS
- Can result to adverse metabolic effects like dehydration, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, infection etc. - Patients are at a risk for unsafe injection practices which can cause infection
26
FACTORS AFFECTING parenteral meds
- Body mass index - Angle of insertion - Route - Age - Length of needle - Circulatory status
27
Parts of a needle
- Bevel - Shaft or cannula - Needle hub
28
Types of syringe
- Hypodermic syringe - Hypodermic needle - Insulin syringe - Tuberculin syringe
29
Parts of syringe
- Tip - Barrel - Plunger
30
Types of needle gauges
- Type of tissue being penetrated - Medication’s viscosity or how thick and sticky it is
31
SAFE ANATOMICAL SITES in intradermal
- Inner lower arm - Upper chest - Back beneath the scapula
32
SAFE ANATOMICAL SITES in Subcutaneous
- Outer aspect of upper arms - Anterior aspect of thighs - Abdomen - Scapular areas of the upper back - Upper ventrogluteal - Dorsogluteal areas
33
SAFE ANATOMICAL SITES in Intramuscular
- Deltoid - Ventrogluteal - Vastus lateralis
34
SITE OF INJECTION AND ITS LANDMARKS Deltoid
- Acromion process 3-5cm (1-2 inches) below the AP Three fingerwidths below the AP
35
SITE OF INJECTION AND ITS LANDMARKS ventrogluteal
- Greater trochanter - Anterior superior iliac spine - Iliac crest
36
SITE OF INJECTION AND ITS LANDMARKS Vastus lateralis
- Greater trochanter - Lateral femoral condyle (potential injury of the sciatic nerve) Dividing the greater trochanter of femur and lateral femoral condyle into thirds and selecting the middle third
37
GUIDELINES IN PARENTERAL MEDS
1. Air must be injected into the vial before the medication can be withdrawn 2. Dispose of the top of the ampule in a sharps container 3. Do not touch the rim of the ampule with the needle tip or shaft 4. Maintain aseptic technique at all times
38
ways to reduce patient discomfort in parenteral meds
1. Use sharp-beveled needle in the smallest suitable length and gauge 2. Position a patient as comfortably as possible to reduce muscle tension 3. Select the proper injection site, using anatomical landmarks
39
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES before parenteral meds
- Explain the procedure to the client - Double checking the medication order and verifying the medicine that was prepared
40
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES during parenteral meds
- Injecting quickly and smoothly into the injection site to avoid causing more pain to the patient - Locating the proper site of injection - Disinfecting the site of injection
41
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES after parenteral meds
- Documentation - Provide Health teachings to the client - Proper disposal of syringes to avoid causing potential hazards
42
PURPOSE OF BED MAKING
- Promotes neat appearance and cleanliness - Prevents bed sores
43
IMPORTANCE OF BED MAKING
- Provides physical and psychological comfort to patient
44
PRINCIPLES IN BED MAKING
- Microbiology - Body mechanics - Safety and Security - Time and Energy - Physics
45
COMMON TYPES OF BED
- Open Bed - Closed bed - Cradle bed - Surgical/ Post operative bed
46
SPECIAL TYPES OF BED
- Balkan frame bed - Bradform frame bed - Stryker wedge frame bed - Circoelectric bed - Water bed - Rotation bed - Clinton therapy bed - Air therapy bed
47
KINDS OF LINEN
- Bottom sheet - Rubber sheet - Cotton draw sheet - Top sheet - Pillow sheet
48
GUIDELINES in bed making
- Wash hands thoroughly before and after handling client’s bed linen - Hold soiled linens away from the body
49
IMPORTANCE OF SHAMPOO
- Improves well being - Removes dirt particles and dead cells
50
INDICATIONS of shampooing
- Immobilized patients - Hair is dirty, dull, oily, and tangled
51
CONTRAINDICATIONS of shampooing
- Patients who undergone surgery especially in areas near the head - Patients with neck injury
52
FACTORS AFFECTING shampooing
- Age - Environment - Gender - Race - Beliefs
53
PRINCIPLES INVOLVED IN HAIR & SHAMPOO
- Anatomy and Physiology - Microbiology - Physics - Chemistry - Psychology - Sociology - Body Mechanics
54
GUIDELINES IN CBB
- Provide privacy - Maintain safety - Use damp cloths to protect the eyes and cotton balls for the ear
55
GUIDELINES before shampooing
1. Explain the procedure to the patient 2. Prepare the materials needed and inquire patient about preference of shampoo 3. Remove pins and ribbons before shampooing
56
GUIDELINES during shampooing
1. Protect the patient’s eyes and ears using damp cloth 2. Ensure the patient’s comfort 3. Use warm water
57
GUIDELINES after shampooing
1. Ask the patient how he/she feels 2. Comb the patient’s hair with his/her preference 3. Document by recording the result in the patient’s chart
58
COMMON HAIR AND SCALP PROBLEMS
1. Head lice 2. Pediculosis 3. Dandruff 4. Seborrheic Dermatitis 5. Ticks 6. Alopecia
59
IMPORTANCE OF CLEANSING BED BATH
- Promotes circulation through the body - Provides range of motion exercise during the procedure
60
PRINCIPLES INVOLVED IN CBB
- Human Anatomy and Physiology - Microbiology - Physics and Chemistry - Psychology and Sociology - Body Mechanics
61
KINDS OF BATH
1. Complete bed bath 2. Partial bed bath 3. Tub bath 4. Sponge bath at the sink 5. Shower 6. Bag bath/travel bath 7. Self-help bath 8. Therapeutic baths 9. Chlorhexidine Gluconate bath
62
TYPES OF MASSAGE
1. Petrissage or kneading 2. Effleurage 3. Friction stroke 4. Three handed effleurage 5. Tapotement
63
IMPORTANCE OF IVF
- To recover from dehydration - To supply nutrients needed by the body
64
PURPOSE OF IVF
- Treatment of infection using antibiotics - Medication administration
65
ADVANTAGE OF IVF
- Allows faster vitamin absorption - Rapid onset of effect - Can customize IV therapies
66
DISADVANTAGE OF IVF
- Self-medication is not possible - Possible bacterial contamination - Pain and inconvenience at the site of infection
67
SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLE INVOLVED IN IVF
- Anatomy and Physiology - Psychology - Microbiology - Pharmacology - Mathematics - Safety and Security - Sociology - Chemistry - Physics
68
FACTORS AFFECTING IVF INSERTION
- Accessibility of the veins - Condition of the patient’s extremities
69
TYPES OF IVF INFUSION SYSTEM
1. Electrolyte solution 2. Nutrient solution 3. Alkalizing solution 4. Acidifying solution 5. Blood volume expanders
70
Local COMPLICATIONS OF IV FLUID THERAPY
- Intravenous infiltration - Intravenous extravasation - Hematoma - Phlebitis - Thrombophlebitis - Phlebothrombosis - Sclerosis or multiple sclerosis
71
Systemic Complications OF IV FLUID THERAPY
- Pyrogenic reaction - Pulmonary embolism - Air embolism - Catheter embolism - Pulmonary edema - Speed shock - Nerve damage - Pneumothorax - Hydrothorax - Hemothorax
72
MANAGEMENT OF COMMON IVF COMPLICATIONS
- Heat therapy can be repeated 3-4 times during the day - Assist in IV reinsertion if needed
73
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES before ivf
- Explain the procedure to the client - Determine the type and sequence of solution to be infused
74
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES during ivf
- Observe the rate of flow every hour - Label the intravenous tubing
75
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES after ivf
- Teach the client ways to maintain infusion system - Document the relevant dates, including assessment
76
GUIDELINES in ivf
- Disinfect the injection site prior to injection from inner to outer circular motion - Always wear gloves since this procedure exposes you to the patient’s blood or body fluid

FNP (7 decks)

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