FMST 208 Splinting Flashcards
What is a strain?
Injury to muscle/tendon from over stretching or exertion.
What is a sprain?
Injury resulting in tearing or stretching of ligaments.
What are the three grades of sprains?
- Small stretching and tear.
- Partial tear.
- Full tear of ligament.
What is a dislocation?
Displacement of bones at the joints resulting in abnormal stretching.
What are some of the signs and symptoms of Sprains, Strains, Dislocations?
Tenderness, burning sensation, deformities, pain, edema, decreased rom, immobilization of the joints.
What are some of the treatments for strains?
Strapping or bandaging with ACE or athletic tape. Immobilize by splinting, R.I.C.E, Pain management, and CASEVAC.
What are some treatments for Sprains?
Strapping, Bandaging, RICE, Pain Management, and CASEVAC.
How would you treat a dislocation?
Splints, pain management, CASEVAC, only attempt to reduce the dislocation of properly trained.
What can be some complications that may occurs with strains, sprains, and dislocations?
Hemorrhage, Nerve Damage, Permanent Decreased in ROM, and weakness in associated muscles.
What is a transverse fracture?
Fracture line that perpendicular.
What is a linear fracture?
Fracture is one think line.
What is a oblique (non displaced) fracture?
Fracture that completely breaks without the movement of bone.
What is a oblique (displaced) fracture?
Completely breaks the bone with movement out of the anatomical position.
What is a spiral fracture?
Complete break, occurs to a rotational or twisting force. Also known as torsion fracture.
What is a green stick fracture?
Fracture bending the bone and eventually cracks.
What is a comminuted fracture?
Multiple breaks in different spots on same bone.
What is an open fracture?
Bone may not protrude, but skin will be broken with exposed tissue.
What is a closed fracture?
Broken bones that don’t compromise the skin. Tissue may be damaged along with hemorrhage from damage of veins and arteries.
What are some of the signs and symptoms of fractures?
Deformity, Contusion, Edema, Pain, Exposed bones, Crepitus and etc…
How do you treat a fracture?
MARCH, PMS, Immobilize, Recheck PMS, Pain Management, Document, Monitor, CASEVAC.
What are the five types of splints
RIFAM: Rigid, Improvised, Formable, Anatomical, Manufactured.
What’s a rigid splint?
Cannot change shape, body fits splints, secure with cravat.
What’s a formable splint?
Moldable, secure with wrap or cravat.
What is a improvised splint?
Whatever works for the patient and the provider.
What is an anatomical splint?
Use body as splint.
What is a manufactured splint?
Specific injury splints.
What is a sling and swathe?
Sling suspends from the neck to support the upper extremity. Swathe is a clothe used to immobilize a fracture.
How do you treat a jaw fracture?
Modified Barton Splint.
How do you treat a clavicle fracture?
Figure 8 bandage and use sling and swathe.
How do you treat humerus fracture?
Upper arm: pad and bandage to body.
Middle of upper arm: splint outside of arm, secure and sling.
How to you treat a forearm fracture?
Two splints above and believe forearm, cover from wrist to elbow and support with sling.
How do you treat a wrist/hand fracture?
Splint, Volar side, leaving fingers exposed, and support with sling.
How do you treat a rib fracture?
Single fracture: immobilize using arm, sling and secure with bandage.
Multiple: immobilize flail segments with tape, and box method.
How do you treat a pelvic fracture?
Position of comfort, padding between legs, pelvic binder, ties knees and ankles.
How to you treat femur fractures?
Anatomical splint, splint 4 places (thighs, upper lower knee, and foot), sconsider traction splint.
How do you treat a patella fracture?
Comfortable position, splint underneath the leg, and immobilize in the four places.
How do you treat lower leg fracture?
Use Sam splint using U method and wrap.
How do you treat ankle foot fracture?
PMS, figure 8 and cravat.
How do you treat a spinal fracture?
Immobilize head to toe, c-collar, maintain and monitor abc. Use spine board if available.
