[FMS] NAM - intro to metabolism

Question 1

what is metabolism

Answer 1

the totality of the chemical reactions and physical changes that occur in living organisms, comprising anabolism and catabolism

Question 2

what is catabolism

Answer 2

metabolic breakdown of complex substances into small products

remember catabolism = catastrophe

Question 3

what is anabolism

Answer 3

The energy requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones

As in growth or other biosynthetic processes.

Question 4

what are the main differences in catabolism and anabolism

Answer 4

remember catabolism = catastrophe = breaking down

anabolism = the opposite which is building up = genesis

Question 5

high energy carriers are used in metabolism, one of them is ATP, what group is carried in this high energy linkage?

Answer 5

ATP carries phosphate

Question 6

high energy carriers are used in metabolism, one of them is NADH, NADPH, FADH2, what groups are carried in this high energy linkage?

Answer 6

electrons and hydrogens

Question 7

high energy carriers are used in metabolism, one of them is acetyl coA, what group is carried in this high energy linkage?

Answer 7

acetyl group

Question 8

high energy carriers are used in metabolism, one of them is Urine Disphosphate Glucose, what group is carried in this high energy linkage?

Answer 8

glucose

Question 9

what is ATP

Answer 9

energy currency of the cell

Question 10

What makes hydrolysis of ATP energetically so favourable?

Answer 10

Breaking ATP helps by reducing the repulsion between phosphate groups.

The released phosphate is stable due to resonance.

This stabilizing effect increases disorder (entropy).

Question 11

what are the 4 functions of ATP?

Answer 11

-used directly in cell motility and muscle contraction (motor proteins)

-active transport Na+/K+

-metabolic control- regulates enzyme activity -kinase adds phosphate, phosphatase removes phosphate

-used in metabolism to add P1 to metabolic intermediates -phosphorylate glucose to trap so it can not diffuse

Question 12

what are 2 other high energy carriers used to drive specific biosynthetic reactions

Answer 12

• UTP drives the synthesis of complex sugar

-GTP drives the synthesis of proteins

Question 13

what 3 things do metabolic reactions require

Answer 13

Fuel molecules
+
Enzyme catalysts
+
Cofactors

Question 14

transamination, b-oxidation, and glycolysis occurs in which part of a eukaryotic cell

Answer 14

cytosol

Question 15

krebs cycle and oxidation occurs in which part of eukaryotic cell

Answer 15

mitochondrial matrix

Question 16

what kind of bond is between phosphates in ATP

and what kind of bond is between phosphate and ribose in ATP?

Answer 16