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3d MED FMF > FMF 102 > Flashcards

FMF 102 Flashcards

USMC HISTORY

1
Q

USMC was created on (DATE) in (CITY, STATE) at (LOCATION) by (PERSON) and raised (THIS MANY) battalions.

A
  • 10 nov 1775
  • Philadelphia, PA
  • CAPT Samuel Nicholas
  • Tun Tavern
  • two
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2
Q

The “first Commandant of the USMC”

A

CAPT Samuel Nicholas

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3
Q

In (YEAR) was USMC first landing of the Revolutionary War in (LOCATION). They seized (WHAT). The uniform was a stiff leather stock around their neck resulting in (WHAT).

A
  • 1776
  • New Providence Island, Bahamas
  • Guns and ammo
  • The term “Leatherneck” = Marine
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4
Q

In (YEAR) USMC stormed the Barbary Pirates’ stronghold in Burma. It was the first time (WHAT WAS DONE) in (THIS PART OF THE WORLD). “Shores of Tripoli.”

A
  • 1805
  • “Stars and Stripes” raised
  • The Eastern Hemisphere
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5
Q

In (YEAR) USMC were the first US troops to invade (WHERE) and occupied the “Halls of Montezuma” during (WHAT) battle. They also helped take (STATE).

A
  • 1847
  • Mexico City
  • Battle of Chapultepec
  • California
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6
Q

In (YEAR), under the command of (WHO), USMC put down an attempted (WHAT) led by (WHO) at (WHERE).

A
  • 1859
  • Col. Robert E. Lee
  • Slave revolt
  • Abolitionist John Brown
  • Harper’s Ferry
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7
Q

In (YEAR) USMC adopted (WHAT) by (WHO).
(WHAT) - Represents the Nation itself
(WHAT) - Worldwide service & sea traditions

A
  • 1868
  • The E.G.A.
  • 7th CMC, BrigGen Jacob Zeilin
  • Eagle
  • Globe & anchor
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8
Q

In (YEAR) the official motto of the USMC became (WHAT), which means “always faithful.”

A
  • 1883

- Semper Fidelis

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9
Q

In (YEAR) USMC defended American Legation (WHERE) during (WHAT) Rebellion. The small defense force held out against the Boxers until relief was able to reach them and end the rebellion.

A
  • 1900
  • Peking, China
  • The Boxer
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10
Q

In (YEAR) USMC established its aviation unit. Major (WHO) was its first Pilot.

A
  • 1913

- Alfred A. Cunningham

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11
Q

In (YEAR) USMC was part of American force (WHERE). They distinguished themselves and were awarded a number of decorations. The French Fourragere is worn by (WHO).

A
  • 1917
  • France
  • 5th & 6th Marines
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12
Q

In (YEAR) USMC was reorganized into a (WHAT) establishing (WHAT) between Fleet and Marines. (WHAT) was established (WHERE) and Marines devoted long hours to (WHAT).

A
  • 1933
  • Fleet Marine Force
  • “command and administrative relations”
  • Marine Corps Equipment Board
  • Quanico, VA
  • Testing & developing materials for landing ops & expeditionary service
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13
Q

In (YEAR) USMC landed (WHERE). It was the longest war in its history. Also, USMC formed a core of multinational force and quickly restored peace by landing (WHERE) to evacuate and protect U.S. citizens.

A
  • 1965
  • South Vietnam
  • Dominican Republic
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14
Q

In (YEAR) USMC was deployed (WHERE) displaying a force in (WHAT).

A
  • 1982
  • Lebanon
  • Readiness
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15
Q

In (DATE) suicide bomb struck HQ BLDG killing (NUMBER) and wounding (NUMBER) of Americans. Last Marine withdrew (DATE).

A
  • 23 Oct 83
  • 241
  • 70
  • Jul 84
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16
Q

In (YEAR) USMC engaged in (WHAT). (What) was heavily used in Jan 91. USMC swept into (WHERE) when bombings failed to dislodge Iraqi forces.

A
  • 1991
  • Operation Desert Storm
  • Marine Aviation
  • Kuwait
17
Q

In (YEAR) OEF became the official named for war in Afghanistan. (DATE) early combat ops signaled start of OEF.

A
  • 2001

- 7 Oct 01

18
Q

In (YEAR) the invasion of Iraq was led by USA. Initial invasion phase lasted from (WHEN).

A
  • 2003

- 20 Mar to 01 May

19
Q

In (YEAR) USMC involved in (WHAT) (Operation Vigilant Resolve), the unsuccessful attempt to capture the city.

A
  • April 2004

- 1st Battle of Fallujah

20
Q

In (YEAR) USMC involved in (WHAT) (Operation Al-Fajr/Operation Phantom Fury), the successful attempt to capture the city.

A
  • Nov - Dec 2004

- 2nd Battle of Fallujah

21
Q

During (WHAT EVENT) in WW1 USMC crushed German offensive. Germans evaluated Marines as (WHAT), the highest rating on enemy fighting scale and nicknamed (WHAT). French renamed the area (WHAT).

A
  • Battle of Belleu Wood
  • Storm troops
  • Teufelhunden/Devil Dogs
  • The Wood of the Brigade of Marines
22
Q

During (WHAT EVENT) in WW2 USMC on (DATE) 1st MARDIV landed on (WHERE). Launched its first combat test of (WHAT). This event served to create (WHAT) of the remaining Solomon Islands.

A
  • The Battle of Guadalcanal
  • 07 Aug 42
  • The Solomon Islands
  • Amphibious doctrine
  • A base to launch invasions.
23
Q

During (WHAT EVENT) in WW2 USMC would take (WHAT), the first in the line of advance for the Central Pacific offensive. Japanese commander claimed (WHAT). On (DATE) USMC secured the island in (HRS). Extended reef caused landing craft to offload hundreds of yards from the beach. Marines drowned attempting to wade to shore/heavy losses from enemy fire.

A
  • The Battle of Tarawa
  • The Gilbert Islands
  • “it would take 1M Americans 100 years to conquer it.”
  • 20 Nov 43
  • 76
24
Q

(WHAT EVENT) Was due to the need for airfields by Air Force and advance bases for Navy.
The invasion of (3 ISLANDS) accomplished this.
During June - July 1943 (WHO) commanded (HOW MANY) Marines & Soldiers, the greatest number of troops to operate under Marine command.

A
  • The Battle of Mariana Islands
  • Saipan, Guam, Tinian
  • LTGEN Holland M. Smith
  • 136,000
25
Q

On (DATE ) Marines landed on Iwo Jima, the largest all-Marine & bloodiest in MC history with (HOW MANY) Marine casualties. Capture of Iwo Jima increased (WHAT) against Japanese home islands. (WHO) said “Among the Americans who served on Iwo Island, uncommon valor was a common virtue”

A
  • 19 Feb 1945
  • 23,300
  • Air support & bombing ops
  • ADML Chester W. Nimitz
26
Q

During (WHAT EVENT) on (DATE) Marines were cut off after Chinese Communist Forces entered the war. They faced a (WHAT) force, smashed (HOW MANY) in their march from the Chosin Reservoir. They brought out (WHAT), properly evacuated wounded & dead, maintained (WHAT).

A
  • Battle of Chosin Reservoir
  • Nov 1950
  • 10-division
  • 7
  • All operable equip
  • Tactical integrity
27
Q

During (WHAT EVENT) on (DATE) Communist forces launched surprise offensive during Vietnamese holiday of Tet. (WHAT)-size unit of NVA troops occupied city of Hue and the Citadel. Fighting was house-to-house with progress measured in (WHAT). City secured on (DATE).

A
  • Tet Holiday
  • Jan 1968
  • Division
  • yards
  • 25 Feb 1968
28
Q

Who was:

  • Brevet Brigadier General
  • Commandant for 39 years, from 1820 until 1859, his death.
  • Led the Corps through Indian Wars, War with Mexico, Opening of China, Disorders in Central America.
  • “Grand Old Man of the MC”
  • introduced higher standards of personal appearance, training, and discipline.
  • USMC known as professional military force.
A

Archibald Henderson

29
Q

Who was:

  • SGTMAJ
  • Received a Medal of Honor from his performance at Cuzco Well (Guantanamo Bay, Cuba) by semaphoring for an emergency lift while under Spanish & American shellfire.
A

John Quick

30
Q

Who was:

  • SGTMAJ
  • Two Medals of Honor (Chinese Boxer Rebellion & First Caco War in Haiti)
  • Then a GYSGT, yelled to his men during the Battle of Belleau Wood “Come on you sons of b**es, do you want to live forever?”
A

Dan Daly

31
Q

Who was:

  • LTGEN
  • Served in Nicaragua
  • He and about 32 marines engaged rebel groups/bandits while scouring the jungles from Nicaragua to Honduran border. AKA “Tiger of the Mountains” 1930
A

Louis B. “Chesty” Puller

32
Q

Who was:

  • MAJ
  • Commanded VMH-214 the “Black Sheep” during WW2
  • USMC top ranking flying ace, 28 kills (1945).
A

Gregory R. “Pappy” Boyington

33
Q

Who was:

  • CPL, a Pima Indian
  • One of the Marines at the second flag raising on MT. Suribachi on 23 Feb 1945.
A

Ira H. Hayes

34
Q

Who was:

  • Private
  • First enlisted woman 13 Aug 1918
  • Marine Reserve(F) official title first enlisted women were known
  • Skirt Marines/Marinettes
A

Opha Mae Johnson

35
Q

Who was:

  • Brigadier General then Colonel served as Director of Women Marines during 1973-1977
  • 7th and last director of Woman Marines
  • only post-WW woman to hold the position
  • First woman general officer on 11 May 1978
A

Margaret A. Brewer

36
Q

Who was:

  • Hospital Apprentice First Class assigned to 2nd Battalion 5th Marines, 5th MARDIV
  • Battle of Okinawa 02 May 1945
  • administered blood plasma to a wounded marine officer.
  • fired back at Japanese forces with one hand while holding plasma with the other.
  • received Medal of Honor on 05 Oct 1945 by President Harry S. Truman during “Nimitz Day”
  • Youngest WWII Navy man to receive Medal of Honor.
A

Robert E. Bush

37
Q

Who was:

  • Pharmacist’s Mate Second Class
  • joined with five Marines with second raising of Old Glory atop Mt. Suribachi Feb 23, 1945
  • 21 Feb, rushed to provide aid to a wounded marine through mortar barrage and heavy machine gun fire.
  • shielded marine with his own body, pulled casualty 30 yards to safety
  • awarded the Navy Cross.
A

John H. Bradley

38
Q

Who:

  • Petty Officer Third Class
  • Served with Company C 1st Battalion 7th Marines in Quang Ngai Province 28 March 1966.
  • Sustained 4 bullet wounds, one to the hand and one life threatening, while crawling across the battlefield to render aid and collected ammunition from the dead.
A

Robert R. Ingram

3d MED FMF (10 decks)

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