FM Flashcards
1
Q
Infants born to Hep B SURFACE ANTIGEN POSITIVE moms should recieve
A
Hep B vacc and Hep B Ig
2
Q
tdap booster is given every
A
10 yrs
3
Q
Non tetanus immunized individuals with high risk wounds require
A
Tetanus Ig (TIg)
4
Q
Herpes zoster vacc is given at age
A
60 - regardless of prior VZV infection or vacc
5
Q
PPV is recommended for
A
Al pts over 65 and pts over 2 with chronic ilnesses
6
Q
HPV vacc covers strains
A
16,18 (cervical cancer) and 6,11 (genital warts)
7
Q
Vaccs CI in immunocompromised and pregnant pts
A
VZV, HZV, MMR
8
Q
Modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis
A
Smoking, menopause, sedentary lifestyle, heavy etoh or caffeine use, low Ca intake
9
Q
Cholesterol screening is recommended every 5 years in men and women when they turn
A
35 and 45 respectively
10
Q
DM screening is recommended every
A
3 years starting at 45 yo
11
Q
If you have a first deg relative with a dx of colon cancer screening should be
A
Every 5 to 10 yr starting at 40 yo
12
Q
Beta-blockers CI in
A
Asthma, >1st deg heart block, bradycardia - caution in heart failure
13
Q
Tx of choice for mod-severe allergic rhinitis
A
Intranasal steroids
14
Q
Murmur heard with aortic dissection
A
Aortic regurg/insufficiency
15
Q
Diffuse ST segment elevation on ECG
A
Pericarditis
16
Q
CK-MB or troponin should be elevated within how many hr of an MI?
A
8
17
Q
Troponin remains elevated for how long?
A
5 to 14 days
18
Q
MCC of cardiac chest pain
A
MI, angina pectoris, pericarditis, aortic dissection
19
Q
MCC of pulmonary chest pain
A
PE, pneumothorax, pneumonia, traceobronchitis
20
Q
MCC of GI chest pain
A
Esophageal spasm, GERD, cholelithiasis
21
Q
Suspected MI pt allergic to ASA should get what instead?
A
Clopidogrel
22
Q
CI to thrombolytics
A
Active internal bleeding, hx of CVDz, recent surgery, intracranial neoplasm,AV malformation, bleeding diathesis, severe uncontrolled htn
23
Q
Osmotic laxative CI in renal failure
A
Mg salts
24
Q
Chronic nitrofuratoin use can lead to
A
Pulmonary fibrosis
25
Arnold reflex
Reflex cough d/t cerumen impaction
26
Centrally acting antitussive agents
Codeine, dextromethorphan
27
Blood test for celiac dz
Anti transglutaminase ab, endymysial ab
28
Tx of c.diff
Metro
29
Tx of giardia
Metro
30
Tx of shigella, salmonella, e.coli
Fluroquinolones
31
Features of menieres dz (endolymphatic hydrops)
Vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss
32
H pylori PUD or gastritis tx
Triple therapy: omeprazole (ppi), H2 blocker, and clarith/ammox or metro for 7-14d
33
HA in occipital/frontal areas
tension
34
severe HA, periorbital localization
cluster HA
35
WHAOML
SA hemmorage
36
triptans are CI i
CAD, PVD, uncontrolled HTN
37
primary medication used to abort migraine HA
serotonin receptor agonists (triptans)
38
elderly pt with TTP over temple
temporal arteritis, dx with biopsy!
39
Transaminases elevated out of proportion (5x norm) to the alk phos
Liver dysfunction
40
Alk phos elevated (3x norm) out of proportion to the transaminases
Liver obstruction
41
Useful in confirming elevated alk phos
Gamma glutamic transpeptidase
42
Centrally acting anti-emitics
Phenergan, compazine
43
type of HSN - asthma
type I HSN rxn
44
pleural fluid with low pH (less than 7.2) and low glucose (less than 60) is indicative of
empyema
45
3 criteria for dx of DM
1) fasting BG >126 on 2 or more separate occasions 2)random BG >200 with polyuira, polydypsia, polyphagia 3)2 hr postprandial BG >200
46
HbA1c reflects BG control over
past 2-3 mo
47
pre-DM fasting BG levels
100-125
48
DM2 drug that stimulated insulin release from pancreatic beta cells
sulfonureas
49
CI sulfonureas
pregnancy, renal dysfxn, allergy
50
AE sulfonureas
wt gain, hypoglycemia
51
DM2 drug that works by inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis ad increasing glucose uptake in the peripheral tissues
metformin
52
AE metformin
diarrhea, dyspepsia, nausea, lactic acidosis
53
DM2 drug that works nu decreasing insulin resistance in skeletal mm and liver
thiazolidinediones
54
need to monitor LFTs when using
thiazolidinediones
55
DM2 drug that inhibits enzyme on the intestinal brush border and therefore limits rate of carbohydrate abs reducing posprandial glucose elevation
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
56
DM2 drugs that regulates gastric emptying, increases glucose dependent insulin secretion, promotes satiety, decreases postprandial glucagon secretion
GLP-1
57
v rare AE of GLP-1
pancreatits
58
ADA recommends target BP and LDL of
130/80, 70
59
target of elderly HbA1c
<8%
60
DM2 need yearly monitoring for
retinopathy and micoalbuiminuria
61
tx of proteinuria in DM pt
ACEi
62
Antiemetic that acts as a pro kinetic drug
Metocloptonide (reglan)
63
Morning stiffness that lasts more than 45 min
Inflammatory arthritis
64
Ddx of monoarthropathy
Infection, crystal-induced, trauma, osteoarthritis
65
Septic joint fluid analysis will show
>100,000 WBCs
66
Mild to moderate inflammation indicative of RA or crystalline arthritis joint fluid will have
2000-50,000 WBCs
67
First like tx for OA
Acetaminophen
68
first line and LT tx of gout
High does NSAID, allopurinol
69
Bridge tx and LT tx of RA
steroids until DMARD (MTX) kicks in
70
Palpitations assd with etoh use
SVT, afib
71
SVTs, short PR, delta waves
WPW
72
Test for Gonococcal pharyngitis needs
ThAyer-Martin Agar
73
Strep tx
Penicillin - allergy? Clinda, erythro, azithro
74
Measures total urine [protein]
Slufosalicylic acid test
75
Proteinuria is when urinary protein exceeds
150mg in 24h
76
Acute medical tx for glaucoma
Acetazolamide 500 mg and topical 4% pilocarpine opthamalogic solution
77
Etoh liver enzymes
AST to ALT greater than 1
78
Most sensitive indicator of etoh induced liver damage
GGT
79
shoulder pain that is worse when overhead activity
rotator cuff problem
80
dyscomfort with arm abduction past 90 deg
rotator cuff tendonitis
81
pain with AROM and PROM suggest
joint or ligament problem
82
pain with only AROM suggests
muscle and/or tendon injury
83
sudden withdraw from BB
tachyarrhythmias, rebound HTN (upreg of beta receptors d/t chronic therapy)
84
apetite stimulants
megestrol acetate and drobinol
85
abn wt loss is concered
greater than 5% over 6 mo
86
states where TBG is increased
pregnancy, acute liver disease, newborn state, meds (OCPs and tamoxifen)
87
states where TBG is decreased
increased androgens, chronic liver dz, glucocorticoid xs, severe illness, nephrotic syndrome
88
tx of hyperthyroidism
PTU, methimazole - s/s with BB
89
thyroid peroxidase abs, antithyroglobulin abs
hashimotos
90
MCC of anemia worldwide
Fe def
91
Diff btwn B12 and folate def anemia labs
B12 - inc MMA AND HC folate - inc HC ONLY
92
Imaging of choice for dx diverticulosis
CT
93
Arrow sign
Diverticulosis
94
Pericolic fat infiltration
Diverticulosis
95
first line agents for anxiety
abort = benzos, control= SSRIs
96
Vaccine that is CI in pts with eczema
smallpox
97
EF <45% suggest
systolic HF
98
CCBs that can be used in HF
verapamil and diltiazem (NDHP)
99
FSH:LH ratio greater than 2:1
PCOS
100
lab hat can help diff btwn heart and pulmonary failure
BNP - elevated in HF
101
decrease mortality and sudden death in HF pts
BB
102
DEXA T score btwn -1 and -2.5
osteopenia
103
DEXA T score than -2.5 from SD
osteoporosis
104
daily Ca intake for postmenopausal women
1500mg/d
105
MCCs of skin and soft tissue infs
S. Areus, GAS
106
FSH:LH ratio greater than 2:1
PCOS
107
drug used to induce ovulation in ppl desiring pregnancy
clomiphine
108
pt less than 35 yo with high FHS
premature ovarian failure
109
OCPs are CIed in
F over 35 who smoke, hx of CVD or thrombus, undxed vag bleeding, BC, active liver dz
110
newborns regain birth wt by
2 weeks of age
111
birth weight is doubled by
4 mo
112
birth weight is tripled by
1 yr
113
colic typically resolves by
3 mo
114
learn object permanence by
8-9 mo
115
nightmares occur during this stage of sleep
REM
116
night terrors occur during this stage of sleep
stage 4
117
drug of choice for OM
amoxicillin, 10d
118
OM but allergic to penicillins
3rd gen ceph, erythromycin w sulfasoxazole
119
tympanic membrane on tympanometry
decreased TM movement
120
ROM def
3 episodes of OM w/in 6mo or 4 episodes w/in 1yr
121
MCC of SCD in athletes less than 35yo
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
122
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy inheritance
AD, variable expression
123
murmurs ass'd with HCM increase and decrease with what actions
increase with valsalva or standing, decreased when supine or squatting
124
suspect HCM workup
CXR, EKG, echo
125
endoscopy end at age
75
126
paps end at age
65
127
increased optic cup to disc ratio, elevated intraocular pressure
glaucoma
128
BB role in glaucoma tx
decrease aqueous humor production
129
miotic role in glaucoma tx
increase aqueous humor drainage
130
reversible AChEI's used for tx of AD (4)
tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine
131
NMDA receptor antagonist tx for AD
memantine
132
overactivity of bladder detrusor mm
urge incontinence
133
malfunction of the urinary sphincters
stress incontinence
134
drugs for urge incontinence
oxybutinin, imipramine, tolterodine
135
drugs for stress incontinence
pseudopehrine (alpha-and ant)
136
normal PVR
75-200 mL
137
surrogate medical decision maker
POA
