CK Flashcards
1
Q
mnemonic for the 6 cyanotic heart diseases
A
5 Ts and 1 H - truncus arteriosis, TGV, tricuspid atresia, TOF, TAPVR, hypoplastic L heart
2
Q
3 noncyanotic heart diseases - 3D
A
VSD, ASD, PDA
3
Q
fixed, widely split S2
A
ASD
4
Q
continuous machine like murmur , wide pulse P, bounding peripheral pulses
A
PDA
5
Q
UE HTN, rib notching on CXR
A
coarc
6
Q
MC cyanotic heart dz of NEWBORNS
A
transposition of the great vessels
7
Q
MC cyanotic heart dx of CHILDHOOD
A
TOF
8
Q
TOF components
A
RV outflow tract obst, overriding aorta, RVH, VSD
9
Q
type of murmur heard in TOF
A
systolic ejection murmur at the L upper SB, R ventricular heave, single S2
10
Q
newborns return to their BW by
A
14 d
11
Q
infants double their BW by
A
4-5 mo
12
Q
infants triple BW by
A
1 yr
13
Q
toddlers quadruple BW by
A
2 yr
14
Q
down syndrome are at increased risk of developing
A
ALL, hypothyroidism, early-onset alzheimers
15
Q
chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications
A
toxo
16
Q
PDA or PAH, cataracts, deafness in a neonate
A
rubella - conjenital
17
Q
hearing loss and periventricular calcifications in a neonate
A
CMV
18
Q
tx of bordatella
A
azithromycin for 10 d
19
Q
ppx for pertussis
A
azith for 5 d
20
Q
MCC menigitis in neonates
A
GBS, e coli, listeria
21
Q
MCC menigitis infant/children
A
s pneumo, n men, h flu
22
Q
MCC menigitis adolescents
A
n men, s pneumo
23
Q
high fever and petechial rash
A
meningocoxemia
24
Q
tx of h flu
A
ceftriaxone or cefuoxime
25
tx of acute OM
high does amox for 10 d, change to augmentin if not resolving
26
tx of kawasaki
ASA and IVIG
27
CJD EMG finding
bi or triphasic sharp wave complexes
28
copies circle
3 yo
29
copies cross
4 yo
30
copies triangle
5yo
31
tx of unconjugated hyperbili
phototherapy
32
hyerpK, hyperPhos, hyperurecemia, hypoCa in kid being tx for ALL
tumor lysis syndrom
33
tx of tumor lysis syndrom
fluids, diuretics, allopurinol
34
Tx of GA pharyngitis
PCN 10d
35
Lemierre syndrome
Thombophlebitis of the jugular v - possible complication of pharyngitis
36
Fungus if the SW US
Coccidio
37
MCC of postviral PNA
Staph, s pneumo, h flu
38
CSF findings in ncephalitis
Lymphocytic pleocytosis and moderately increased protein
39
Tx of lyme dz
Ceftriaxone
40
Tx of RMSF
Doxy
41
Tx of MAC
Clarithromycin
42
Tx of bactiuria in pregnant pt
Nitrofurantoin, oral cephalosporin, or ammox 3-7d
43
SIRS criteria
2 or more of the following: temp > 38 or <36, tachypnea (>20 or paO2<32), HR>90, WBC <4k or >12k or >10% bands
44
IVDU endocarditis
s. areus
45
dental procedure, native valave endocarditis
viridans strep
46
prosthetic valve endocarditis
coag negative strep
47
any of these 3 findings can make the diagnosis of DM
random BG >200, fasting BG >125, HgbA1c >6.5
48
increase in JVP with inspiration
kussmaul sign - tamponade or const pericarditis
49
decreased systolic BP with inspiration
plusus paradoxus - tamponade
50
weakened and delayed pulse
pulsus parvus et tardus - aortic stenosis
51
EF less than 50, increased LV end-diastolic volume
systolic dysfunction
52
acute CHF management - LMNOP
lasix, morphine, nitrates, oxygen, position
53
Dyslipidemia diagnosis requires
Total serum cholesterol > 200 on 2 different occasions, LDL >130 OR HDL <40
54
Unexplained HTN, hypoK, metabolic alkalosis
Conn syndeom - hyperaldo
55
Hypotension, JV, distant heart sounds
Becks triad - pericardial tamponade
56
Electrical alternans
Pericardial tamponade
57
tx of DVT
IV unfx hep or SQ LMWH, then 3-6 mo warfarin
58
4th heart sound is indicative of
restrictive cardiomyopathy or LVH
59
depressed PR-segment on EKG
pericarditis
60
type 1 hsn
anaphylactic and atopic - antigen IgE crosslink
61
autoimmine hemolytic anemia, erythroblastosis fetalis, goodpastures, rheumatic fever are all
type II hsn - cytotoxic
62
type II hsn mediated by
IgM and IgG ag binding > phagocytosis or complement lysis
63
TB test, transplant rejection, contact dermatitis are all
type IV hsn - delayed
64
type IV hsn mediated by
sensitized T lymphocytes
65
neutrophilic infiltration in the stratum corneum with a thickened epidermis
psoriasis - munro microabcesses and hyperkeratosis
66
non-healing ulcerated skin lesion in an area of sun exposure
sq cell ca
67
b/l cellulitis of the submental, submaxillary, and sublingual spaces - complication can lead to
ludwig angina - death from asphyxiation
68
MCC of erysipelas and tx
GAS, PCN
69
tx of scarlet fever
PCN
70
tx of salmonella
fluroquinolones and 3rd gen cephs
71
cellulitis, POOP, blue gray discoloration
nec fasc
72
tx of nec fasc
3rd gen ceph, clinda, amp
73
tx of symptomatic sinus brady
atropine
74
trouble swallowing liquids > solids
oropharyngeal dysphagia
75
trouble swallowing solids > liquids
esophageal dysphagia
76
esophageal webs, Fe def anemia, glossitis
plummer-vinson syndrome
77
corkscrew esophagus
diffuse eso spasm
78
birds beak on barium swallow
achalasia
79
MC eso cancer worldwide
SqCC - tobacco and etoh
80
MC eso cancer in the US
adenoca - barrett
81
tx of sliding vs paraeso hiatal hernia
sliding - medical and lifestyle, paraeso - surgical
82
triple therapy for H. pylori
amoxicillin (or metro), clarithromycin, and omperazole
83
megaloblastic anemia with normal MMA
folate def anemia
84
megaloblastic anemia, elevated MMA, neuro dysfunction
B12 def anemia
85
charcots triad
RUQ pain, jaundice, fever/chills - acute cholangitis
86
reynolds pentad
RUQ pain, jaundice, fever/chills, AMS, shock
87
tx of acute cholecystitis
cholecystectomy
88
conjugated hyperbili
dubin-johnson, rotor
89
unconjugated hyperbili (3 causes)
hemolytic anemia, gilbert, crigler-najjar
90
heart sound that can be heard in pts experiencing an acute MI
S4 - atrial gallop d/t LV stiffening and dysfunction
91
tx of cryptococal menigitis
ampho plus flucytosine, then fluconazole
92
time needed to dx GAD
> or = to 6 month of symptoms
93
crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur found at the LSB
HOCM
94
immunity to HBV will show what on serology
HBV surface antibody
95
skin necrosis following warfarin admin
prot C or S def
96
inc LDH, inc ind bili, inc reticulocytes, dec haptoglobin
hemolytic anemia
97
MC childhood malignancy
ALL
98
LAP in leukamoid rxn
elevated, its dec in malignancy
99
tx of APL
ATRA
100
tx of CML
imatinib
101
tx of hairy cell
cladribine
102
tx of DLBCL
R-CHOP
103
best prognosis form of hodgkin lymphoma
lymphocyte-predominant
104
tx of NON-M3 variant AML
chemo
105
1st step in w/u of nontender LAD
excisional LN bx
106
ppx CD4 <200
PCP with TMP-SMX
107
ppx CD4 <50-100
MAC with weekly azithromycin
108
ppx CD4 <100 and +IgG for toxo
double strength TMP-SMX
109
ACEi and ARBS are CI in patients with this kind of HTN
b/l RAS - can ppt renal failure
110
hip injury ass'd with shortened, internally rot leg
post hip dislocation
111
hip injury ass'd with lengthened, externally rot leg
ant hip dislocation
112
hip injury ass'd with shortened, externally rotated leg
hip fracture
113
bone tumor at metaphysis with worse pain at night
osteosarcoma
114
MC benign bone tumor
osteochondroma
115
benign diaphysial bone mass with central nidus that resolves with asa
osteoid osteoma
116
greater than 50K WBC in joint aspiration
SEPTIC joint
117
anticentromere antibodies
CREST
118
hemolytic anemia, schistocytes, thrombocytopenia, normal PT and PTT
TTP - tx with plasma exchange
119
3 hz spike and wave pattern on EEG
absence epilepsy seizures
120
10 hz activity with slow waves on EEG
tonic-clonic seizure
121
scanning speech, intranuclear opthalmoplegia, nystagmus
MS triad
122
can decrease disease progression in MS
riluzole
123
untxed pseudotumor cerebi can lead to
blindness
124
tx of pseudotumor cerebri
acetazolamine and wt reduction
125
cafe au lait, short stature, radial thumb hypoplasia in the setting of anemia
fanconi syndrome
126
MC primary CNS tumor in adults
GBM and meningioma
127
MC primary CNS tumor in kids
actrocytomas, medulloblastomas
128
microantheroma formation and lipohylanosis is found in
lacunar infarts of vascular dementia
129
NF1 diagnostic criteria
6 or more cafe au lait spots, 2 or more neurofibromas, freckling of axillary or ingunal area, optic glioma, lisch nodules, bone abnormality, 1st deg relative with NF1
130
1st line for status epilepticus
bezos!
131
tx of trigeminal neuralgia
carbameazpime
132
blood supply to broca's area
left superior MCA
133
blood supply to wernicke's area
left posterior MCA
134
encephalopthy, opthalmoplegia, ataxia
thiamine (B1) def
135
ppx tx of closed angle glaucoma
laer peripheral iridotomy
136
tx of increased ocular pressure
eyedrops - timolol, pilocarpine; systemic - acetazolamide, mannitol
137
tx of open angle glaucoma
topical beta-blockers
138
tx of exudative AMD
VEGF inh
139
needed for BPI dx
manic episode(s)
140
needed for BPII dx
hypomanic episode(s) with one or more depressive episodes
141
duration of s/s to dx cyclothymic disorder
2 yrs
142
mutation in OI
collagen type I
143
mutation in marfans
fibrillin-1 gene
144
quad screen has what tests in it
MSAFP, inhibitin A, estriol, beta-hCG
145
elevated AFP ass'd with these 6 things
NTDs, open abd wall defects, multiple ges, incorrect GA, fetal death, placental abnormalities
146
reduced AFP is ass'd with these 3 things
tri 18 and 21, fetal demise, incorrect GA
147
gest DM screen occurs at
24-28 wks GA with one hour OGTT
148
periventricular calcifications
CMV
149
tx of congential CMV
postpartum ganciclovir
150
ppx for infants who have HIV+ mom
AZT
151
can HIV+ moms breast feed?
no
152
can HCV+ moms breast feed?
yes
153
tx of syphilis+ pregnancy
PCN
154
bleeding, POC expelled with closed cervical os
complete SAB
155
partial POC expulsion with open cervical os
incomplete SAB
156
uterine bleeding with intact POC and closed os
threatened SAB
157
uterine bleeding with intact POC and open os
inevitable SAB
158
POC present on u/s without cardiac activity, cramping, loss of early pregnancy symptoms, closed os
missed SAB
159
give RhoGAM at
28-30 wks GA
160
can find gestational sac
5-6 wks from LMP
161
can ID fetal pole at
6 wks
162
can detect fetal heart activity on u/s at
6-7 wks
163
s/p c-section, fever unresponsive to broad spectrum abx
septic pelvic thrombophlebitis
164
adequate contractions
greater than or equal to 200 motevid units in 10 min
165
arrest of active labor
no cervical change at gt/et 4hrs with good contractions or gt/et 6 hrs with inadequate contractions
166
physiologically normal acid-base status of pregnancy
chronic, compensated respiratory alkalosis
167
reaction to a positive cont stress test
usually delivery
168
abx ppx for PROM
clindamycin and gentamicin
169
midfacial hypoplasia, cleft palate, digit hypoplasia, microcephaly, developmental delay, hirsutism
fetal hydantoin syndrome - caused by phenytoin or carbamazepine
170
decrease risk of preterm delivery in pt with short cervix with
progesterone therapy
171
preeclampsia diagonsis needs
SBP > 140 or DBP > 90 AND proteinuria >300 in 24h AT >20 wks GA
172
BP control in pregnancy
labetalol or hydralazine
173
seizure tx in pregnancy
IV diazepam
174
cardiac malformation ass'd with DM
TGV
175
first line tx of OCD
high-dose SSRI with CBT
176
cough, corzyra, conjunctivitis
measles
177
autoantibodies to AChR at motor end plate
myasthenia gravis
178
ppx for human bite wounds
amox-clav
179
contraindications to HRT
vaginal bleeding, BC, untxed endoemtrial ca, hx of thromoembolism, chronic liver dz, hypertriglyceridemia
180
ECG shows tachycarida with undiscerable p waves buried in the QRS
SVT
181
tx of SVT in stable pt
vagal maneuver > adenosine
182
elevated AFP with testicular mass
yolk sac tumor
183
newborn F with ambiguous genitalia and adrenal insufficiency
CAH - 21OHase def
184
tx of urge incontenence
anticholinergics or TCAs
185
precocious puberty, cafe au lait spots, bony abnormalities
McCune-Albright syndrome
186
fatigue, palpable purpra, renal disease, peripheral neuropathies ass'd with HCV
Mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome
187
MDD criteria
SIGECAPS, GT/ET 5 s/s for at least 2 wks
