Fluids and Electrolytes - Sodium Flashcards
1
Q
Upper limit of sodium intake
A
2,500mg/dL
2
Q
Blood sodium levels considered as hypernatremia
A
> 145mEq/L
3
Q
3 basic mechanisms for hypernatremia
A
- Sodium excess
- Water deficit
- Water and Sodium deficit
4
Q
The most devastating consequence of hypernatremia
A
Brain Hemorrhage
5
Q
Upper limit of sodium correction in hypernatremia
A
<12mEq/L every 24 hrs or 0.5mEq/L every hr
6
Q
Hyponatremia sodium blood levels
A
<135mEq/L
7
Q
Most common cause of hypovolemic hyponatremia
A
diarrhea
8
Q
What kind of hyponatremia is caused by heart failure and renal failure
A
hypervolemic hyponatremia
9
Q
What kind of hyponatremia is caused by SIADH?
A
normovolemic hyponatremia
10
Q
Rapid correction of hyponatremia will cause
A
Central pontine myelinolysis
11
Q
advisable rate of correcting serum sodium for hyponatremia
A
not >12mEq/L every 24 hours or not >18mEq/L for 48 hours
