Chapter 98 Clinical Manifestations of Diseases in the Newborn Period Flashcards
4 Major causes of central cyanosis in the newborn period
Cardiac
CNS
Hematologic
Metabolic
Neonate with central cyanosis with rapid respirations accompanied by retraction of the thoracic cage. What could be the cause of central cyanosis?
Pulmonary
Neonate with central cyanosis with irregular, weak, and slow respirations. What could be the cause of central cyanosis?
CNS depression
Cyanosis unaccompanied by obvious signs of respiratory difficulty suggests
Cyanotic congenital heart disease or methemoglibinemia
T/F Peripheral acrocyanosis is common in neonates and does not usually warrant concern unless poor perfusion is suspected
T
Major considerations for newborn with pallor
anemia, acute hemorrhage
What are the considerations in a VLBW neonate with sudden onset hypotension?
pneumothorax, IVH, subcapsular hepatic hematoma
This type of movement may be stopped by holding the infant’s extremity. This depends on sensory stimuli and occurs when the infant is active. This is not associated with abnormal eye movements.
Jitteriness
Rapid movements with small amplitude compared to tonic-clonic seizures.
Tremors
Neonate with abnormal eye (fluttering, deviation, stare), or facial (chewing, tongue thrusting) movements; with tonic extension of the limbs, neck, and trunk may be having a ______
seizure
Movements characterised by oral-buccal-lingual movements, rotary limb activities, tonic posturing or myoclonus, usually after severe birth aspyxia.
Motor automatisms
Lethargy appearing after the 2nd day of life should in particular suggest _______
infection
Give 3 considerations in an irritable nenonate.
Any of the following: meningeal irritation drug withdrawal infections congenital glaucoma or any condition producing pain.
Failure to feed in the newborn is most likely due to
infection, central or peripheral nervous system disorder, intestinal obstruction, etc.
Unexplained hypothermia in the newborn may be due to
infection
circulatory system disturbance
CNS problem
T/F Jaundice within the first 24 hours could be physiologic
F. Jaundice AFTER the 1st 24 hours could be physiologic. If jaundice was observed within the 1st 24 hours of life, is most likely due to HEMOLYSIS until proven otherwise
What are the major considerations for a newborn with vomiting during the first day of life?
Upper GI obstruction
Increased intracranial pressure
What is the character of vomitus suggesting obstruction below the ampulla of Vater?
Bile-stained
Major considerations in a neonate with abdominal distension.
intestinal obstruction
intraabdominal mass
Congenital anomaly characterized by respiratory distress in delivery room, nasograstric tube cannot be passed through nares.
Choanal atresia
Congenital anomaly manifested as micrognathia, cleft palate, airway obstruction.
Pierre Robin Syndrome
Stickler Syndrome
Congenital Anomaly manifested as polyhdramnios, aspiration pneumonia, excessive salivation, nasogastric tube cannot be placed in stomach.
Tracheoesophageal fistula
What other anomalies should be suspected in a newborn with tracheoesophageal fistula?
Vertebral defects Anus, imperforate Tracheo Esophageal fistula Radial (and renal dysplasia) syndrome
Congenital anomaly manifested as polyhdramnios, bile-stained emesis, abdominal distension.
Intestial obstruction:
Volvulus
Ileal Atresia
Duodenal Atresia
Congenital anomaly manifested as oligohydramnios, anuria, pumonary hypoplasia, pneumothorax.
Renal agenesis, Potter Syndrome
Congenital anomaly with polyhydramnios, elevated Alpha Fetoprotein, decreased fetal activity.
Neural tube defects
Congenital anomaly manifested as cyanosis, hypotension and murmur
Ductus-dependent congenital heart disease
