Fluids and Electrolytes

Question 1

Isotonic

Answer 1

• equal solute concentration in and outside cell

Question 2

Hypertonic

Answer 2

• having a greater concentration of solute molecules on one side of the cell membrane.

Question 3

Hypotonic

Answer 3

• having a lower solute concentration on one side of a semipermeable membrane.

Question 4

Diffusion

Answer 4

• All molecules and ions are in constant state of motion.
• Collisions occur more frequently in areas higher concentration
• The movement of solutes/molecules/ions from an area of greater to an area of lesser concentration, without further energy input.
• Diffusion may take place in an open space or container, or across a semipermeable membrane.
• It will occur in both liquids and gasses.
– Example: O2 and CO2 between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries

Question 5

Osmosis

Answer 5

• The movement of a solvent, usually water, across a semipermeable membrane down solute concentration gradients until a steady state of dynamic equilibrium is reached.
• Hypertonic → Hypotonic
• Osmosis provides the primary means by which water is transported into and out of cells.
• The turgor pressure of a cell is largely maintained by osmosis, across the cell membrane, between the cell interior and its relatively hypotonic environment