Fluid Therapy Flashcards
Tell me about the fluid compartments of the body
Body is about 65% water
2/3 of that is found in the intracellular space
1/3 is in the extracellular space
The extracellular space is broken down into interstitial fluid and intravascular fluid
75% of the extracellular fluid is in the interstitial space and 25% is intravascular
Equation for total body water
BW x 0.65
Blood volume is about _____ml/kg water
90
How can you figure out how much plasma is in the body?
Find total blood volume (BW in kg x 90mL/kg)
Blood is made up of about 45% RBCs and 55% plasma
Multiply total blood volume by 0.55
T/F: the concentration of electrolytes varies based on the fluid compartment
True
Discuss electrolyte concentration in the extracellular space
High sodium (~140 mEq/L)
Low potassium (~4mEq/L)
Discuss electrolyte concentration in the intracellular space
High potassium (~140mEq/L)
Low sodium (~30mEq/L)
Water is to ________ as Bailey is to Paul Mescal
Sodium
What determine intravascular volume?
Sodium concentration
Total body sodium determines _______
Hydration
Ex. Whenever I eat a large quantity of ramen noodles, my fingers swell b/c I’ve got a lot of extra sodium for water to hang out with
What is an osmole?
The number of moles in a solution that contribute to its hold on water
What is osmolality?
Number of moles dissolved in a mass of solvent
What electrolyte has the greatest impact on osmolality?
Sodium
What does serum sodium concentration actually mean?
A reflection of total body water NOT total body sodium
Hyponatremia =
Water excess
Serum sodium concentration is low likely due to free water excess
Hypernatremia =
Water deficit
Severe dehydration
There are three types of fluids that can be lost - what are they
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
What type of fluid loss am I: more water loss than solute loss
Hypotonic
Give an example of hypotonic fluid loss
Diarrhea, vomit, sweat
What type of fluid loss am I: isotonic to ECF
Isotonic - sodium concentration likely unchanged
What could hypotonic fluid loss lead to?
Hypernatremia
What is the least common type of fluid loss?
Hypertonic
What kind of fluid loss am I: more solute loss than water loss
Hypertonic
Give an example of how hypertonic fluid loss could occur
Replacing losses with only water and not the solutes
Could lead to hyponatremia
T/F: Dehydration and hypovolemia are the same thing, one is just more severe.
False - differ in where the fluid is lost from, how quickly it is lost, and how quickly it needs to be replaced