Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance *Important Points*

Question 1

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Answer 1

stimulates water conservation in the kidneys

Stimulates thirst

Question 2

Aldosterone

Answer 2

causes sodium absorption and potassium loss, also causes water to be retained

Question 3

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)

Answer 3

Blocks release of ADH and Aldosterone
reduces thirst
lowers body fluid and BP

Question 4

pH falling below 7.35

Answer 4

acidemia, acidosis

Question 5

pH rising above 7.45

Answer 5

alkalemia, alkalosis

Question 6

results when abnormal respiratory functions cause an extreme rise or fall in C02 levels in ECF

Answer 6

Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders

Question 7

results when acids are increased or depletion of bicarbonate levels in ECF

Answer 7

Metabolic Acid Base Disorders

Question 8

caused by build up of C02, which causes plasma pH reduction below 7.35, cured by increased respiration

Answer 8

Respiratory Acidosis

Question 9

uncommon, reduction of C02, which causes plasma pH to increase over 7.45

Answer 9

Respiratory Alkalosis also known as hyperventilation

Question 10

increased lactic acid,
inability to secrete H+ at kidneys
severe loss of HCO3 by diarrehea
results in pH dropping below 7.35

Answer 10

metabolic acidosis

Question 11

when HC03 becomes elevated causing plasma pH to increase above 7.45

Answer 11

metabolic alkalosis