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ANAPHY > FLUID ELECTROLYTE AND ACID BASE > Flashcards

FLUID ELECTROLYTE AND ACID BASE Flashcards

1
Q

State of Equilibrium
Stabilization of body functions and maintain normal status

A

Homeostasis

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2
Q

ECF Volume Deficit

A

Dehydration

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3
Q

ECF Volume Excess

A

Fluid Overload

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4
Q

Infant water content

A

70-80%

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5
Q

50-70% water content

A

Adult Male

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6
Q

Adult female water content

A

50-60%

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7
Q

Child water content

A

65-75%

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8
Q

Older Adult water content

A

45-55%

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9
Q

Doesn’t have a lot of fluid, more fats, easily dehyrated

A

Obesity

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10
Q

Water compartment of body

A

Intracellular Fluid
Extracellular Fluid
Transcellular Fluid

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11
Q

2/3 of fluid within cells

A

ICF

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12
Q

1/3 of fluid outside cell

A

ECF

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13
Q

2 ECF

A

Interstitial
Intravascular

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14
Q

Fluid in between cells (lymph)

A

Interstitial

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15
Q

Fluid within the blood vessels

A

Intravascular

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16
Q

Fluid in small and specialized cavities

A

Transcellular fluid

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17
Q

Fluid protects the spine

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

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18
Q

Fluid in lungs

A

Pleura

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19
Q

Fluid in GI Tracts

A

Peritoneum

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20
Q

Water content of the body

A

Plasma
Interstitial Fluid IF
Intracellular Fluid ICF

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21
Q

How many liters is in Plasma

A

3L

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22
Q

How many liters is in IF

A

10L

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23
Q

How many liters is in ICF

A

28L

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24
Q

Plasma has 55% and Formed elements is 45%

A

Blood

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25
Q

Component of Plasma

A

Protein 7%
Water 91%
Other Solutes 2%

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26
Q

Component of Proteins

A

Albumin 58%
Globulin 38%
Fibrinogen 4%

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27
Q

Components of Other Solutues

A

Ion
Nutrient
Waste Products
Gases
Regulatory Substance

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28
Q

Components of Formed Elements

A

Platelets 250-400 thou
WBC 5-9 thou
RBC 4.2-6.2 thou

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29
Q

Components of WBC

A

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils

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30
Q

Function of Body water

A

Stabilize body temp
Protection
Chemical Reactions
Transport

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31
Q

It allows to absorb and release large amounts of heat before changing temp

A

High heat capacity

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32
Q

Acts as a lubricant or cushion

A

Protection

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33
Q

Chemical Composition of water

A

H2O

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34
Q

Has 1 + only

A

K+
Na+

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35
Q

Has 2+

A

Ca++
Mg++

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36
Q

Has 1-

A

Cl-

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37
Q

Has 3-

A

PO4—

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38
Q

A substance capable of dissolving solute;
Maybe in form of gas or liquid

A

Solvent

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39
Q

Dissolving medium that is most common

A

H2O

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40
Q

Substance that is dissolved in a solvent;
Maybe in the form of gas, liquid or solid

Salt and Sugar

A

Solute

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41
Q

Mixtures of 2 or more particle that are exceedingly small

A

Solution

42
Q

Mixture of 2 or more particle that are fairly large

A

Suspensions

43
Q

Translucent mixture with solute particles of intermediate size
Albumin-egg white

A

Colloids

44
Q

Fluid Mixtures

A

Solution
Suspensions
Colloids

45
Q

Mechanisms controlling fluid

A

Diffusion
Osmosis
Filtration
Dialysis

46
Q

Movement of solute and water across a semipermeable membrane

A

Filtration

47
Q

Use of a machine and a filtration method

A

DialysisT

48
Q

The movement of a solute from an area of higher concentration an area of lower concentration within a solvent

A

Diffusion

49
Q

There is a uniform distribution of molecules

A

At equilibrium

50
Q

Electrolyte Movement
where both mechanism are important in ATP

A

Passive Transport
Active Transport

51
Q

Source and transport of Energy
Store and provide energy

A

ATP

52
Q

Battery
Source of immediately usable energy for the cell

A

ATP

53
Q

ATP facilitates transport through

A

Sodium-Potassium Pump

54
Q

What binds to Na-K pump

A

3 NA and ATP

55
Q

Outside

A

Na

56
Q

Inside

A

ATP

57
Q

Osmotic pressure between 2 compartments

A

Tonicity of fluids

58
Q

Pressure that needs to be applied to a solution to move through a semi-permeable membrane

A

Osmotic Pressure

59
Q

Other name for Osmotic Pressure

A

Concentration of Solution

60
Q

The diffusion of a solvent across a selectively permeable membrane

A

Osmosis

61
Q

Membrane is permeable to H2o not to?

A

Albumin

62
Q

Water movement from L to H concentration

A

Osmosis

63
Q

Osmosis measured of fluid?

A

Osmolality and Osmotic Pressure

64
Q

Describe the tonicity of the blood plasma/serum

A

Osmolality

65
Q

Normal Value of Osmolality

A

275-300

66
Q

Higher than normal

A

Hyperosmolality

67
Q

Lower than normal

A

Hypoosmolality

68
Q

Used to describe all other fluid based on content of Sugars and Salts in solution

A

Osmolarity

69
Q

IV fluids

A

d5%W, Normal Saline (Isotonic)

70
Q

High salted foods

A

Hypertonic

71
Q

Drinks soda, juice sweetened

A

Hyperosmolar

72
Q

Plain Water

A

Hypotonic

73
Q

Gatorade

A

Hyperosmolar

74
Q

H2O excess Results in cellular swelling

A

Hypotonic Sol

75
Q

H2O Balance result in no change

A

Isotonic Sol

76
Q

H2O deficit results in cellular shrinking

A

Hypertonic Sol

77
Q

“Starting’s Law of Fluids”

A

Hydrostatic Pressure (BP)
Oncotic Pressure (protein)S

78
Q

Smallest vessel

A

Capillaries

79
Q

Pressure of Arterioles

A

40mmHg

80
Q

Pressure of Venules

A

10mmHg

81
Q

Greater at the arterial end of the capillary than at the venous end

A

Hydrostatic Pressure

82
Q

Shifts of plasma fluid to interstitial space/compartment

A

Edema

83
Q

Venous Hydrostatic pressure

A

Elevation

83
Q

Plasma Oncotic Pressure

A

Decrease

84
Q

Interstitial Oncotic Pressure

A

Elevation

85
Q

Fluid movement between

A

Extracellular and Intracellular Fluid

86
Q

Regulation of water balance

A

Hypothalamic Regulation
Pituitary Regulation
Adrenal Cortical Regulation

87
Q

Increased osmolality

A

Decreased in blood pressure- Increase thirst

88
Q

An increase in extracellular fluid osmolality stimulates

A

Thirst and ADH secretion
Increase fluid intake
Increase water reabsorption in the kidneys

89
Q

A decrease in extracellular osmolality i

A

Inhibits thirst and decrease ADH secretion
Decrease fluid intake
Decreased water reabsorptions in the kidney

90
Q
A
91
Q

Increased in blood pressure and ANH

A

Increase Na excretion and increased water loss results in decreased BP

92
Q

Regulation of Water Balance

A

Renal Regulation (RAAS)
Cardiac Regulation -(ANH)
Gastrointestinal Regulation (90% intake; 10% metabolism)

93
Q

Obligatory Water loss

A

Insensible Water Loss- Lungs GI tract, skin

94
Q

Average Volume loss/day

A

600ml

95
Q

High fluid volume loss

A

fever>900 ml

96
Q

Why do men have high water content

A

More muscle

97
Q

Which electrolyte is water attracted to

A

Na

98
Q

Which hormone is the ultimate regulator of fluids

A

Aldosterone

99
Q

What are 2 human conditions that stimulate thirst

A

Dehydration
Hyperosmolality

ANAPHY (4 decks)

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