fluid compartments Flashcards
solute exchange: define osmosis, diffusion and permeability; explain mechanisms of solute exchange across cell membranes, recall examples and explain whether the process is active or passive
define osmosis
passive movement of H2O from [high] to [low] to area of higher osmolarity and can change cell volume; membrane permeability also crucial
define diffusion
passive movement of molecules from [high] to [low]
define permeability
capability of substance of passing through membrane
examples of passive solute exchange
lipids across bilayer, channel and transporter carrier proteins
examples of active solute exchangers
primary active carriers (e.g. Na+/K+ ATPase antiport pump), secondary active carriers (e.g. coupling of Na+/glucose symport)
endocytosis/exocytosis: passive or active
active
problem with tissues when blood supply lost
ischaemic changes occur
how are ischaemic changes slowed down
rapid cooling by solutions
issue of rapid cooling with Na+/K+ ATPase antiport pumps
don’t function so Na+ enters with Cl- and H2O; K+ efflux; cells swells, blebs and dies (cytolysis)
