Fluid and Electrolytes Flashcards
Active Transport
Type of transportation that requires energy (ATP) be used. Transportation of substance through a cell membrane against its concentration gradient (Low Con to High Con)
Anions
Ions with Neg charge.
Chloride, Bicarbonate, Phosphate, Sulfate, and Protein Ions.
Cation
Ions with positive charge
Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Hydrogen, Magnesium
Diffusion
Free movement of solute from high con to low con
Edema
Accumulation of fluid in interstitial space
Eyes, Fingers, Ankles, Sacral Space, in or around organs
Electrolytes
Sub that can be broken into an ion producing neg/pos charge
Filtration
Passage of fluid thru permeable space. High con to Low Con
Fluid Volume Deficit (FVD)
Loss of water and solutes (ECF - Sodium, Chloride, Calcium, and Bicarbonate). Also called hypovolemia + isotonic fluid loss.
Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
Fluid outside of cells. About 30% of total body water.
Sodium, Chloride, Calcium and Bicarbonate
Fluid Volume Excess
Retention of water and sodium in ECF. Hypervolemia
Homeostasis
Anion = Cation
Hyperkalemia
Excess K+
Hypernatremia
Excess Na+
Hypertonic
Concentration is greater to what is being compared.
Solution has greater con of solutes outside of cell than inside causes water to rush out inorder to normal thing causeing cells to shrink (crenation)
Hypervolemia
FVE or excess of blood plasma or isotonic fluid
Hypokalemia
Insuff amount of K+
Hyponatremia
Insuff amount of Na+
Hypotonic
Con is lesser to what is being compared.
Solution has lesser con of solute outside of cell than inside the cell causing water to rush into cell and burst (lyse)
Intracellular fluid (ICF)
Fluids inside of cell. Makes up 70% of total body water.
Pottasium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium
Ions
Atoms or molecules that have +/- charge
Isotonic
Same con as solution with which it is being compared to
Osmolarity
Solutions pulling power
Solutes
Substances that are dissolved in solutions
Solvent
Liquids that hold a substance in solution
Hypovolemia
Deffiency of blood plasma
