fluid and electrolyte imbalances Flashcards
_____ and _____ ratio shifts with dehydration
BUN and creatinine
_____ solutions used for 3rd space fluid shift
hypertonic
urinary output should be ____mL/hour
30
____ is an example of a 3rd space fluid shift
ascites
___ %____ _____ and ____ ___ are examples of isotonic solutions
0.9 % normal saline
lactated ringers
____ solutions used for pts with pleural effusions
hypertonic
in a pt who is hypervolemic, edema is __L or more of excess fluid
3
common cause of hypervolemia is _________
heart failure
should legs be elevated with severe edema?
NO
for pt with hypervolemia, raise head of bed ___-__ degrees
30-45
first symptom of hyponatremia is commonly a __________
headache
severe hyponatremia can cause increased _______ _______
intracranial pressure
______ can be used to treat severe hyponatremia
demeclocycline
______ _______ is a sign of increased intracranial pressure
neurogenic hyperventilation
_____ ____ common cause of hypernatremia
tube feedings
hypernatremia can be treated with ___% _____ _______
3% normal saline
hypernatremia treated with _____ ____ if pt has NG tube
free water
______ is used to treat hypernatremia
D5W
hypocalcemia can be treated with ____ _____ and vitamin _____
calcium gluconate
vitamin D
_______ and _______ are common complication with pts on tube feedings
hypernatremia
hyperphosphatemia
pts taking _____ _____ is a common cause of hypercalcemia
thiazide diuretics
_____ used in the treatment of hypercalcemia to reduce calcium levels
calcitonin
rapid infusion of IV ______ ______ with _______ used to treat hypercalcemia
normal saline
lasix
if pt with hypermagnesemia is symptomatic administer IV ______ _______
calcium gluconate
