Fluency Disorders Flashcards
Fluency disorder
interruption to the typical flow of speech - atypical rate or rhythm or disfluencies
T/F : Fluency disorders are correlated with a physiological and emotional impact
True, they have (-) feelings around them
Provide 4 general examples of disfluencies in SPEECH
- Fillers - uh, um
- Blocks
- Repetition of sounds
- Prolongations
What are the 2 main types of fluency disorders
- Stuttering
- Cluttering
T/F : cluttering doesn’t incorporate problems with social context/communication
False, pragmatics ARE involved
developmental stuttering
neurodevelopmental disorder that begins VERY early in childhood
T/F : d. stuttering usually occurs around 3Y
False, 2Y
Describe PWS, CWS, and AWS + SLD
- People who stutter
- Children who stutter
- Adults who stutter
- Stuttering-like disfluencies
incidence vs prevalence (think incident happens like THAT)
Incidence : the % of NEW diagnoses of a disorder within a given INTERVAL of time (5-8% estimated)
prevalence ; the estimate % of the pop who stutter at ANY given point in time (about 1% or less)
How are prevalence of stuttering % lower than incidence?
80% of children diagnosed with it as toddlers recover WITHOUT therapy, which isn’t broadcasted a lot
Females who recover from stuttering have a ____ of family history with it; men who have it persistently have ____ of family history with it
lack; plenty
name the 5 stages of behaviours associated with the natural history of stuttering + the ages of each stage
- Typical disfluencies - 1.5-6Y
- Borderline stuttering - 1.5-6Y
- Beginning stuttering - 2-8Y
- Intermediate stuttering - 6-13Y
- Advanced stuttering - >14Y
T/F : research shows that there is NO biological association to stuttering
False, a PWS is more likely to also have a first-degree relative who stutters
T/F : For stuttering - if one IDENTICAL twin stutters, the other has a 80% chance too
False, 70%
T/F : For stuttering - if one non-IDENTICAL twin stutters, the other has a 25% chance too
True
T/F : people who stutter have MORE gray matter in their left hem
False, PWS have more R hem structure that processes language
In stuttering, the issues of the locations of the brain and their behaviour makes it seem that stuttering is a _____ ___ _____ issue
speech motor control
name the 3 broader speech disorders that encompass speech motor control issues
apraxia of speech, dysarthria, stuttering
T/F : The speech motor control plan can be planned without actually executing the plan
True, it’s a mental representation of the plan
In stuttering, what are the two difficulties with speaking (think about the stages) that align with the concept that it is a more general motor control disorder? Why?
repetition and blocks, it is harder to get one’s body to execute the movements that we want them to do
T/F : Stress and anxiety can cause a PWS a very difficult time when they are trying to provide quality speech
True, nerves affect one’s ability, just like in non-PWS, to properly speak
T/F : There is slight evidence that stuttering is a psychogenic source
FALSE
The idea that stuttering is a (partially) ______ behaviour is _______
learned; controversial
T/F : there IS evidence that clinical learning therapies are effective
True, although there are still SOME drawbacks
Stuttering can be from ____________ stuttering but it can also develop as _____ _____, such as after a stroke
developmental, neurolog. damage
