FLS - viruses

Question 1

Group 1 viruses

Answer 1

double stranded DNA viruses

herpes virus family

Question 2

Group 2 viruses

Answer 2

single stranded DNA viruses

Parovirus

Question 3

group 3 viruses

Answer 3

double stranded RNA viruses

rotavirus

Question 4

group 4 viruses

Answer 4

+ sense RNA viruses

HCV, polio

Question 5

group 5 viruses

Answer 5

• sense viruses

influenza, measles, ebola, rabies

Question 6

group 6 viruses

Answer 6

RNA reverse transcribing viruses

HIV retroviruses

Question 7

group 7 viruses

Answer 7

DNA reverse transcribing viruses

HBV DNA retroviruses

Question 8

Dina gets naked for her pap smear

Answer 8

DNA viruses with naked capsules:

• Parvovirus
• Adenovirus
• Papovavirus

Question 9

What are viroids?

Answer 9

Viroids are rod-like RNA molecules that are very small and have no protein. They are only pathogens to plants.

Question 10

What are prions

Answer 10

Prions contain only proteins and no nucleic acids

Question 11

DNA viruses

Answer 11

Hepadna
Herpes
Adeno
Pox
Parvo
Papova

Question 12

Examples of capsids

Answer 12

Tobacco mosaic virus
adenovirus
smallpox

Question 13

What are capsids?

Answer 13

The protein shell of a virus

Question 14

What shapes can the capsids be?

Answer 14

isocahedral or helical

Question 15

What is the envelope of a virus for?

Answer 15

It is a lipid bilayer so it can fuse with the plasma membrane to enter host cells

Question 16

VIrus replication

Answer 16

1. Virus attaches onto host cell and release genetic material inside
2. genetic material replicates
   - virus uses the hosts polymerase enzymes to replicate
3. new viruses accumulate within the cell
4. This causes the host cell to burst releasing viruses out

Question 17

The lytic cycle of viral replication is most common, what is the lysogenic cycle

Answer 17

When the virus inserts its genetic material into the bacterial DNA creating a provirus, this causes no damage. However, when the bacteria divides, the virus DNA will also be copied. If this keeps occurring and the virus DNA may excise from the bacterial chromosome and enter the lytic cycle.

Question 18

What is viral tropism?

Answer 18

The specificity of a virus for infecting a particular cell type or tissue

Question 19

Features of positive RNA viruses

Answer 19

• sections which code for non-structural proteins and sections which code for structural proteins
• untranslated regions
• GTP cap and poly A tail
• only one start codon and one stop codon - only codes for one protein, post translational modifications make into separate proteins