Flowers Flashcards
Functions of Flowers
Reproduction, seed formation, attraction for pollinators
External Anatomy of Flowers
Petals, Sepals, Penduncle(pedicel), Receptacle
What are petals?
The colored parts of the flower to attract animal pollinators.
What are sepals?
The outermost part, leaf-life structures that are located at the base of the flower. Protects the flower bud before it ooens
What us the penduncle(pedicel)
The stem or the stalk that supports the flower and connects it to the plant.
What are receptacle?
Thickened part of the stem at the base of the flower that holds the floral organs together.
What are the internal anatomy of a flower?
Stamen and Carpel or Pistil
What is a stamen and its parts?
It is the male reproductive system. Anther and Filament
What is a Carpel and it is also known as? and its parts
It is also known as pistil and it is the female reproductive part. Its parts are stigma, style, ovary, and ovule
Located at the top of the stamen, it produces and holds pollen, which contains the male gametes (sperm cell)
Anther
The thin stalk that holds up the anther, positioning it so that pollinators or wind can carry the pollen away
Filament
What is a stigma?
The sticky top of a pistil where pollen lands and adheres.
Why is the stigma sticky?
Its stickiness helps capture pollen grains for fertilization
What is a style?
A long, slender stalk that connects the stigma to the ovary.
Which part allows the pollen tube to grow down to the ovary for fertilization?
Style
Which part contains the male gametes?
Anther
Which part holds the flower upright to make it accessible to pollinators and also provides nutrients and water to the flower?
Penducle (pedicel)
It provides structural support to the flower particularly during growth
Receptacle
What is an ovary?
The rounded base of the pistil, which contains one or more ovules
After fertilization, what will happen to the ovary?
It will develop into a fruit, protecting the seeds inside
Which part contains the female gametes?
Ovule
What is an ovule?
Located within the ovary, ovules contain the female gametes
After fertilization, ovules becomes what?
Seeds
Characteristics of a regular flower
Radial symmetry and their petals are uniformly arranged around the center
Irregular flower characteristics
Have bilateral symmetry, its petals are different in sizes, shape, and orientation
What are monoecious plants?
have both male and female flowers on the same plant and can self pollinate
Male flowers (staminate) and female flowers (pistillate) are separate but found on the same plant
Monoecious plants
What are dioecious plants?
Have male and female flowers on separate plants
Plants that can cross pollinate
Dioecious plants
Perfect flowers have?
both male and female parts in the same flowers
What are imperfect flowers?
have only male or only female parts, not both
What is the outermost part of the ovary?
Ovary wall
What is inflorescence?
It is the arrangement of flowers on a stem or branch. It refers to the way flowers are clustered or positioned on a plant
A complete flower contains what parts?
Sepals, Petals, Pistils, and Stamen
