Flowers Flashcards
Whats the Phylogeny of flowering plants?
Angiosperms
What are the 4 parts (whorls) of a flower?
Petals, Sepal, Pistols(carpals), Stamens
What is the function of petals on a flower?
Attract pollinators
What is the function of the sepal of a flower
Protect the flower bud
What is the function of the stamens of a flower?
male reproductive structures
What is the function of the pistols (carpals) of a flower?
female reproductive structures
What does it mean when a flower is complete?
it’s a flower with all 4 parts (Whorls)
What does it mean when a flower is incomplete?
the flower is missing at least 1 part (whorl)
What does it mean when a flower is perfect?
the flower has both stamens and pistols (carpals)
What does it mean when a flower is imperfect?
the flower is missing either a stamen or a pistol
Can a flower be incomplete but perfect
Yes as long as the missing part (whorl) of the flower is not a stamen or pistol (carpal)
What are the two types of imperfect flowers?
Monoecious and Dioecious
What does monoecious mean?
Flowers with pistols (carpals) and flowers with stamens on the same plant
What does Dioecious mean?
Flowers with pistols (carpals) and flowers with stamens on different plants
What are the two different types of symmetry a flower can have
radial (actinomorphic) and bilateral (zygomorphic)
What is inflorescence
The cluster of flowers on a branch
What are the different types of inflorescence?
Panicle, Spike, Raceme, Corymb, simple umbel, compound umbel, head, and catkin
What is a composite flower?
A head of flowers, disk and ray flowers, family asteraceae
In composite flowers what is the inner flower called?
disk flower
in composite flowers what is the outer flower called?
ray flower
What parts are in the stamen?
Anthers and filaments
What do Anthers do?
they contain the pollen sac
What are pollen sacs?
they produce the male gametophyte (pollen) which produce sperm
What are the parts of a pistol (carpal)
Stigma, style, ovary
What does the stigma do?
gathers pollen
What does the style do?
Channel to ovary from stigma
What does the ovary do?
contains the ovule which contain female gametophyte (eggs)
What is pollination
Pollen from anther is transferred to stigma
What are the different types of pollination?
Wind, Water, and vector
How do most pollinators pollinate
accidentally, pollen sticks to hair, fur, feathers and scales
What are some pollinators?
Butterflies, bats, bees, moths, wasps, beetles, flies, birds
What happens after pollination?
The pollen tube grows to the ovule and sperm fertilizes egg
What is double fertilization?
1 Sperm cell fertilize egg cell that becomes the embryo.
2 sperm cells fuse with two nuclei to form endosperm
What happens after fertilization?
fruit develops from ovary wall, seed develops from ovule
