Flower Flashcards
Immediately sybtends the calyx
Epicayx
Tissue or region of a flower to which the other floral parts are attached
At the very tip of the floral axis
Floral receptacle
Outermost nonreproductive group of modified leaves of a flower
Perianth
If the perianth is relatively undifferentiated the individual leaflike parts are called
Tepals
Outermost series or whorl of modified leaves
Calyx
Individual units of the calyx
Typically green leaflike and function to protect the young flower
Sepals
Innermost series or whorl of modified leaves in the perianth
Corolla
Individual units of the corolla
Typically colored and function as attractant for pollination
Petals
Floral tube
Cuplike or tubular structure around or atop the ovary
Hypanthium
Specialized structure that secretes nectar
Nectary
All male organs of the flower, all stamens
Androceium
Female organs of the flower, carpels
Gynoceium
Composed of an ovary, one or more styles, and one or more stigmas
Pistil
Having both stamens and carpels
Perfect/ bisexual
Flowers are either pistillate or staminate
Imperfect/ unisexual
A plant with only bisexual flowers
Hermaphrodite
A plant with only unisexual flowers
Moniecious
Plant with Unisexual flowers, but with staminate and pistillate on separate individual plants
Dioecious
Plant with both bisexual and unisexual flowers
Polygamous
Flowers with a pedicle
Pedicellate
Flowers lacking a pedicle
Sessile
Flowers with bracts
Bracteate
Flowers with a short rudimentary pedicle
Subsessile
Flower having all 4 major series of parts (sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels)
Complete
Flower lacking one or more of the 4 major whorls of parts
Incomplete cycly
3 or more planes of symmetry
Actinomorphic or radial
Only one plane of symmetry
Zygomorphic or bilateral
Lacks any plane of symmetry
May have twisting parts
Asymmetric
General time of flowering, the opening of flowers with parts available for pollination
Anthesis
Refers to stamens developing or pollen release occurring prior to the maturation of carpels or stigmas being receptive
Protrandous
Carpels or stigmas developing before stamens mature or pollen is released
Protogynous
Developing from the center toward the outside of periphery
Centrifugal
Development from the outside or periphery toward the center region
Centripetal
Flower where the perianth remains closed, such that pollen produced from within the flower pollinates only the stigmas of that flower
Cleistogamy
Normal, perianth opens and pollen may be dispersed
Chasmogamy
Having the same # of members in different whorls
EX 5 sepals and 5 petals
Isomerous
Different # of members in different whorls
EX 2 sepals and 5 petals
Anisomerous
Having no petals or corolla
Apetalous
Having no sepals or calyx
Asepalous
Two lipped w/ 2 generally upper and lower segments
Bilabiate
Having calyx and corolla fused into a cap that falls off as a unit
Calyptrarate/ operculate
Bell shaped
Campanulate
Keeled with a sharp median fold
Carinate
With a tubular or flaring perianth or staminal outgrowth
Coronate
W/ 4 distinct petals in cross form
Cruciate
Funnel shaped with a tubular base and continuously expanded apex
Infundibular
Short tubular corolla with a single elongate strap like apical extension
Ligulate or ray
1 large posterior petal
2 inner lateral petals
2 apically connate lower petals
Papilionaceous
