Floral 2009

Question 1

Floriculture production in the United States is valued at about $__________ at farm gate.

Answer 1

4.7 billion

Question 2

The leading floriculture production states are __________, __________, and __________.

Answer 2

California, Florida, Texas

Question 3

Florida floriculture crop production is valued at $__________.

Answer 3

765 million

Question 4

True or False. Watering greenhouse plants is one of the easiest jobs faced by growers.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

When should plants be watered?

Answer 5

Just before wilting or water stress occurs

Question 6

Perched water table means that the container has __________ at the bottom of the container right after watering, when drainage has occurred.

Answer 6

Free-water

Question 7

This is __________ because it is not held by the root medium

Answer 7

Free-water

Question 8

_____ factors need to be considered to achieve a successful fertility program.

Answer 8

Five

Question 9

When certain elements are provided in excess to plants, uptake of other nutrients may be hindered. One example of a mineral antagonism is the ____________________ interaction; a 1:1 ratio is recommended for most floriculture crops.

Answer 9

Nitrogen-potassium

Question 10

The optimum pH range for most crops growing in a soilless medium is __________.

Answer 10

5.8-6.4

Question 11

American floriculture crops are considered to be __________ quality if they are well branched and __________, with multiple flowers that open __________.

Answer 11

High, full, simultaneously

Question 12

True or false. Pinching artificially accelerates a plant’s branching and growers commonly use three types of pinched plants.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

The process of pinching a plant removes the __________ factory and eliminates the __________ concentration of the __________ hormone from the upper portion of the plant.

Answer 13

Auxin, hormone, inhibitory

Question 14

When the source of __________ is removed, the concentration of the __________ drops quickly, thereby releasing lateral branches from __________ dominance and allowing them to develop.

Answer 14

Auxin, hormone, apical

Question 15

A time tested rule is to pinch when roots are ____________________ and __________ of the __________ after removing the plant from its pot.

Answer 15

Visible at the sides, bottom, medium

Question 16

_______________ growers first began growing their rose plants using bent stems in the 1980’s.

Answer 16

Japanese

Question 17

Rose plants used for the bent stem technique are started as __________ node cuttings, which are rooted and grown frequently in _____ _____ _____.

Answer 17

Single, rock wool cubes

Question 18

Cut roses are divided into hybrid teas, spray roses, and __________.

Answer 18

Sweethearts

Question 19

There are less than __________ dozen rose breeders specializing in commercial cut flower varieties.

Answer 19

2

Question 20

Roses generally are graded according to __________ of stem

Answer 20

Length

Question 21

The greenhouse comes “alive” only after its __________, or __________, is applied. A glazing’s primary purpose is to allow __________ into the greenhouse while allowing the grower to manipulate the environment __________ the greenhouse.

Answer 21

Glazing, cover, light, inside

Question 22

There is/are _____ type(s) of growing floors.

Answer 22

5: natural soil, sand and gravel floors, ground cloth, porous concrete, concrete

Question 23

The __________ component of watering is the easy part because the scientific principals can be taught and learned. The __________ of watering is extremely difficult to teach. It is determining when plants need to be watered and then applying water properly.

Answer 23

Science, art

Question 24

While it costs __________ to produce pinched plants in terms of __________ and __________, the __________ quality is achieved with pinched plants in terms of size, fullness and flower performance.

Answer 24

More, labor, time, highest

Question 25

rue or false. Flower arranging differs from other arts in that it has its own media (arrangers grow their own materials).

Answer 25

True

Question 26

The Japanese confine their displays of flower arrangements to specific areas as a matter of __________ and __________.

Answer 26

Ritual, custom

Question 27

The Chinese method of handling flowers is founded on __________, preservation of life, and appreciation of __________.

Answer 27

Symbolism, beauty

Question 28

Confucius taught that real enjoyment consists of __________ and __________.

Answer 28

Simplicity, contemplation

Question 29

True or false. A few flowers in a vase can describe the whole life history of a plant, as well as display the beauty of a perfect bloom.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

A creative art form using space along with line, form, color, and texture to create the floral arrangements by using plant material and other components.

Answer 30

Abstract design

Question 31

Two or three colors adjacent to each other on the color wheel.

Answer 31

Analogous color harmony

Question 32

Two sides of a vertical axis in an arrangement that are different in composition but equal in visual weight.

Answer 32

Asymmetrical balance

Question 33

A circle of greens decorated with fruits, nuts, cones, seed pods, or berries typical of the Renaissance period.

Answer 33

Della Robbia Wreath

Question 34

The art of placing floral material in a container in a pleasing manner following various artistic principles.

Answer 34

Flower arranging

Question 35

Bringing plants into bloom at a time other than normal in nature.

Answer 35

Forcing

Question 36

A circle of small flowers arranged around one central flower similar to a nosegay.

Answer 36

Tussy Mussy

Question 37

A new concept in creative art form free from conventional ideas and patterns, nongeometric.

Answer 37

Free-form design

Question 38

An all around arrangement to be viewed from all sides.

Answer 38

Free standing

Question 39

Tints, tones, and shades of one hue.

Answer 39

Monochromatic color harmony

Question 40

A tight hand bouquet of fragrant flowers.

Answer 40

Nosegay

Question 41

A container of unusual form or shape such as a heart, animal, etc…

Answer 41

Novelty

Question 42

Probably the most influential factor in advancing flower arrangement in this country has been the ____________________.

Answer 42

National Council of State Garden Clubs

Question 43

The American Style of flower arrangement stresses clear cut designs, __________, __________, and __________ of expression.

Answer 43

Plant forms, originality, freedom

Question 44

In any style of flower arranging, past or present, American, European, or Oriental, there are __________ to be considered: ______________________________.

Answer 44

6 design elements; line, form, space, texture, color, and harmony

Question 45

There are __________ of design. All the __________ of design should be present in every good arrangement, but their relative importance will vary. They are ______________________________.

Answer 45

7 principles; principles; balance, scale, rhythm, repetition, unity, focus, and harmony

Question 46

True or false. Various colors will produce different emotional and psychological effects.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

Violets and purples give a __________ sometimes __________.

Answer 47

Spiritual feeling, sad

Question 48

Tints of various hues will normally be __________, while tones tend to give a __________ effect.

Answer 48

Uplifting, soothing

Question 49

__________ can either be warm or cool; it takes on the feelings of the colors with which it is associated.

Answer 49

White