Flight Man, Nav, IRS & Coms Flashcards
Where is callsign entered in the CDU?
Under the ‘flight number’ prompt on the RTE page
How do you clear the scratch pad?
Single press of CLR for a charater, press and hold to clear the whole line
During FMC init, what is the significance of a ‘boxed’ (□□□) line?
Required information for FMC initialisation, dashed lines are optional fill
When entering a route into the FMC what is the difference between a cyan and a purple route?
Cyan = inactive and not executed Magenta = activated
What does a FMC amber light mean?
FAIL or MSG alert on the CDUs
For waypoint naming, what is the max number of characters?
5
How many temporary waypoints can the crew create?
40 wpts, 6 airports, all deleted on shut down.
How many FMCs are there? Why?
- this is a requirement to allow operations outside of normal nav aid coverage.
Which FMC is primary?
Normally left, and both CDUs input to the left. The left then correlates with the right FMC. (but, Capt’s displays will show FMC L, FOs will show FMC R) Can select both left or both right to isolate a failure
What does 3000A mean?
3000ft or above
What does 5000 in bold mean?
At 5000ft (if not bold, hts are just the VNAV predicted at that point)
What does 7000B mean?
7000ft or below
Where in the FMC can you find out if the given cruise level by ATC is the best?
CRZ page shows optimum and max
What caution should be taken before pressing EXEC?
Confirm with other pilot first
What are the SOP CDU pages for TO?
PF = TO, PM = LEGS
What are the SOP CDU pages for approach?
No SOP
What data bases does the FMC contain?
Performance (drag, eng lims, speeds, max alts etc…)
Nav (28 day validity, normally hold current and next 28 days. Terrain, airports, nav aids, wpts, sids, stars etc…)
If you start up at 2330 on the day a nav data base expires, when should you switch to the new database?
You don’t, the whole flight is completed on the valid DB at start. There is no way to switch at the crossover time.
What does the CALL caption mean?
Something else wants to display on the FMC CDU (ACARS, CPDLC etc…)
What reduction does CLB-1 give?
3% N1 (circa 10% thrust from CLB)
What reduction does CLB-2 give?
6% N1 (circa 20% thrust from CLB)
When does CLB-1 or 2 revert to normal CLB thrust?
Gradualt increase up to, and switch over at 15000ft
If the FMC loses power on the gnd, what happens?
<10 sec, nothing
>10 sec, all data erased, start again
If the FMC loses power in the air what happens?
<10 sec, nothing lost, need to reselect MCP modes
>10 sec, nothing lost, but will need to re-select the next WPT
What happens if you select LNAV within 3nm of track?
It will automatically capture the planned track
What happens if you select LNAV >3nm of track?
You must be pointing to track at less than 90 deg and on a heading to intercept before the next WPT and it will capture
Normal hold leg length?
1:00 below 14000ft, 1:30 above 14000ft
How many holds can you enter into the FMC?
5
How do you switch between holds on the FMC?
Use the ‘NEXT PAGE’ key, if you select the ‘NEXT HOLD’ key it will create a new hold
If you get to VNAV TOD without selecting a lower alt on the MCP what happens?
Within 5nm of TOD a scratch pad message ‘RESET MCP ALT’ will come up, if you don’t select a lower alt the ac will maintain level
What is ‘early descent’?
Within 50nm of planned TOD if you select a lower altitude the ac will descend at 1000fpm until it reaches the planned VNAV path and then descend on profile.
What happens if you select a descent >50nm from TOD?
The ac will descend at 1000fpm.
‘DRAG REQUIRED’ message in scratchpad?
+10kts of FMC speed or within 5kts of Vmo
What does MSG on the CDU mean?
A message in the scratchpad
If you modify an active route on the FMC, what will be displayed?
The modification will be a white dashed line
How does the FMC derive it’s present pos?
GPS, IRS and nav aids
Why use a R-TO N1?
To increase engine life and reduce costs, most fatigue happens at high temps at high N1
What are the VNAV descent modes?
VNAV PATH or VNAV SPD
Where are ILS markers shown?
Top right of the PFD (the EADI)
What does ‘VERIFY POSITION’ suggest?
Your Ppos entry is >4nm from the airfiled position, and its asking you to check, you can re-enter the same position and the IRS will move to the next step.
How do you adjust your headset volume?
Rotary swx on the ACP
How are corrections accounted for on the stby compass?
Correction card, normally located under the compass
What are the other swx on the nav panel?
VHF NAV, IRS, FMC
(and displays below, CONTROL PANEL (EFIS) and SOURCE (DEU))
With the selector switch on the transponder to ‘ALT ON’ or ‘XPNDR’, what TCAS functions are available?
None, although your mode C/S alt reporting is on so other ac can react to you.
With the FO as PF, where should the ATC and ALT swx be on the transponder?
Manually set to 2, set to 1 if Capt PF.
How should pilots ID radio aids?
Auto tune will show the 3 letter identifyer on the PFD and ND. If the ID is wrong or the raw frequency is displayed, pilots must manually tune and identify from morse
Where is VOR info displayed?
Bottom left and right of ND. Top left of PFD. On the RMI
On the gnd how can posn updating be achieved?
Normally by GPS only.
If GPS unavailble, at TOGA press on TO the FMC position is defaulted to the rwy threshold coords of the FMC selected rwy (NB if using an intersection this has to be manually entered to prevent error)
What radio nav inputs are accepted, and what priority?
DME/DME
VOR/DME co-loc LOC/DME co-loc
LOC only
Dual freq DME is used for position update, how are frequencies tuned?
Automatically, not linked to the nav boxes, best signals selected based on strength and geometry, individual beacons can be deselected. If pilots want to see info from the in use DMEs they must manually tune their nav box.
What is the default RNP requirement
Oceanic 10nm
En-route 2nm
Terminal 1nm
Approach 0.3nm
What is the default vertical RNP requirement?
Approach 125ft (foundand set on LEGS and PROG pages) Default 400ft
If ANP falls below RNP what warnings are there? (3)
‘UNABLE REQ NAV PERF’ on scrathpad, MSG on the CDU and associated amber FMC warning spangle
How is GS shown on the IRS panel?
Rotary swx to TK/GS, track in left window, GS in right
How can you tell the time left for an ALIGN to finish?
Rotary swx to HDG/STS, righ window will show time remaining. (Align may take up to 17 mins, but the window will only start counting down from 15)
When the ALIGN light flashes what does this mean?
Manual ppos entry hasn’t been made
Difference in manual entry to origin airport of >4nm (=’VERIFY POSN’ MSG) Ac moved during align
With IRS selected to ATT, what is available?
Attitude and heading only.
Once selcted, you cannot go back to NAV, hdg must be updated every 10-15 mins from the stby mag compass
Limits to observe when selecting ATT?
Remain S&L for 30sec
IRS ‘ON DC’ amber caption illuminates?
IRS using DC power from hot batt BUS, AC power not normal. Horn in nose bay goes off to alert battery drain
(a brief ON DC is normal during routine swith on)
IRS ‘DC FAIL’ amber caption?
IRS DC power is not normal. IRSs function normally with just AC power, although they require DC to start
Which systems use IRS attitude info?
‘appropriate aircraft systems’ (stall management, yaw damper, AP, flt inst, radar)
‘WX ATT’ amber caption?
Wx radar attitude stabilisation fail
With AC fail how long will IRSs run?
IRS 1 as long as there is battery power IRS 2 shuts down after 5 mins on DC only
Do you need to select ALIGN on the IRS mode selector?
No, select straight to NAV, this will auto align before entering Nav mode
What are the reasonability tests?
- your ppos entry vs the FMC origin airfield (>4nm = ‘VERIFY POSN’ and flashing ALIGN)
- your ppos entry vs earth rotation latitude calculation (must be <1 minute/60nm) if still disagrees = FAULT
How is Ppos normally entered into the IRS?
Via the FMC CDU, manual type over or copy of GPS posn. It can be entered directly ino the IRS DU by selectign PPOS during align and overtyping
Should an IRS fail how can info from the good IRS be sent to the other DEU?
On the nav select panel selecting IRS both L or both R. this will trigger an amber ‘INSTR SWITCH’ caution on the ND/PFDs
What are the min number of satellites for a 3D GPS posn?
4
What are the min number of satellites if using RAIM?
5 (RAIM compares all the availale satelite position data and if one is excessively different from the others it will be discounted, hence 5 required to discount 1, and still have 4 for a 3D posn)
What does GPS feed?
FMC for nav, EGPWS for warnings and the clock
How many transmitter keys can be selected at one time?
One
How many receiver keys can be selected at one time?
All of them
If you get a SELCAL notification on HF2, which light will come on?
The far right, labelled ‘HF 2’
You must press and extinguish the SELCAL light for further alerts on that frequency
What is the function of the service interphone?
Allows multiple comm jacks around the external parts of the ac to be live, normally for maitenance. Normally selected off for flights, if left on will create interfearance on the cabin intercom.
When is the CVR area mic active?
From start of 1st engine to 5 mins after shut down automatically, from swx on, if selected on
If the green light is on on the CVR what does this mean?
It has failed the test. Should illuminate briefly and sound a tone through the jack, if connected, then go out if the black test button is pushed
How do you erase the CVR?
On gnd, parking brake set, press and hold ‘ERASE’ for 2 secs
How can the flt deck alert the gnd crew?
‘GND CALL’ on o’head panel will sound a horn in the nose bay. Ground crew headsets are automatically connected to the flt deck intercom
Comm panel ALT / NORM switch?
Redundncy should either crew memebers VHF comm panel fail Capt auto default to VHF1
FO default to VHF2
Observer default to VHF1
All at a preset, fixed, volume
If selected to ALT do you still get GPWS and TCAS audio alerts?
Not through headset, only through the flt deck speakers
Where are the radio aerials?
VHF 1 on upper fuselage (use if possibel on gnd to avoid interfearance) ELT on upper fuselage
HF in vert stabiliser
VHF2 lower fwd fuselage
VHF3 lower aft fuselage
If you have to don your oxy mask how is mic switching completed?
Manually on the mic selector panel ‘MASK/BOOM’ (some ac are automatic, but for fleet commonality always swx on the panel)
If flt deck call cabin what are the indications?
Pink light under exit sign and high-low chime
If cabin call flt deck what are the indications?
Blue ‘CALL’ light on o’head panel and single chime
How can you extinguish the blue ‘CALL’ light?
You can’t. It goes off after 40sec (even if the call is still active) or goes off when the cabin handset is re-cradled
When does HF antenna tuning take place?
When the HF mic is keyed
How do you know if HF tuning is successful?
Tone for up to 7 secs on first transmit on a new freq. if tone lasts 7-15 secs, tuning has failed
Can you transmit HF while refuelling?
No
What is required navigational performance (RNP)?
- RNP refers to a level of performance required in a specific segment of airspace
What is the difference between RNAV and RNP?
- RNP specification requires on board navigation and alerting systems
What does RNP enable the aircraft to do?
- Allows the aircraft to fly between defined points in space
What are RNP requirements in oceanic, en route, terminal and the APP segments of airspace?
- 10nm, 2nm, 1nm, 0.3nm
What does RNP 0.3 mean?
- It means that the aircraft navigation system must be able to calculate its position with a radius of 0.3nm
What is actual navigation performance?
- It is the FMC’s estimated max position error with a 95% probability. It means that the FMC is 95% certain that the aircrafts actual position lies within a circle with a radius if the ANP value around the FMC position.
What would occur is ANP exceeded RNP?
- This would indicate deteriorating navigational performance. The CDU scratchpad message UNABLE REQD NAV PERF-RNP would appear.
Where would ANP/RNP values be found?
- RNP is shown on the POS SHIFT, RNP PROGRESS ¾ and the RTE LEGS pages.
What is RAIM?
- A technique whereby a GPS receiver is able to detect the integrity of the GPS signal.
Where is the GPS light and what does it signify?
- Aft overhead panel, if illuminated it indicates a failure of both GPS sensor units.
How is the aircrafts normal position entered?
- Through the FMC CDU (POS REF 2/3)
What other way can the present position be entered?
- Through the ISDU. Heading may be also entered through the ISDU.
If NAV is lost on the IRS, how can ATTITUDE and ROLL information be regained?
.
- MSU rotate to ATT, fly straight and level for 30 seconds
Which systems use attitude information?
- Flight displays, autopilot FMS, Radar antenna stabilisation.
Flashing align on the IRS means what?
- Aircraft movement during alignment, no position entered, a sig diff between previous and entered positions.
If nav 2 is in use which AP must be used?
- AP 2 and vice versa
Where does the standby ILS receive its input?
- VHF NAV 1
How are radio aids identified?
- Morse code identifiers can be converted into letters represented on the PFD and ND.
Where does the weather radar receive its stabilisation?
- The IRS
How is the CVR tested?
- Headset in the jack and Push, - after a slight delay and no faults are detected, status light illuminates momentarily, tone in the JACK.
