flatforms Flashcards
flatworms also called
platyhelminths
-consist of cestodes and digenea
flukes- trematodes look
flattened and non-segmented
-live in liver
flukes have acetabulas which are
2 cup shaped muscular suckers
-oral sucker and ventral sucker and used for attachment and nutrients
2 kinds of flukes
hermaphroditic and unisex
in both kinds of flukes sexual production happens in
human adult and is followed by multiplication of larval stages in the snail so life cycle is complex
all flukes have what as intermediate host
snail
schistosome– over arching (unisex)
-blood flukes
-unisex
males often live in females for years
in schistosome how to eggs leave host
urine or feces
after eggs leaving host they
hatch into form called miracadium
after turning into miracidium it infects
snail and have several morphological changes
-all species must be near water to mature (snails– water)
infective form of schistosome
cercariae
describe cercariae
emerge and swim free, lose tail and penetrate skin of human
what schistosome has a lateral spine used for attachment
mansoni
where does Schistosome mansoni live in body
in liver and veins around the intestine
what is associated with Schistosome mansoni
swimmer’s itch
infective stage of Schistosome mansoni
cercariae
which schistosome is important in a cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide
mansoni
which schistosome have smaller eggs and a protruding spine on SIDE
japonicum
where is japonicum found in body
liver and around veins of intestine
what schistosome has a terminal spine at end of egg
haematobium
where is haematobium found in the body
veins around bladder
-clogs catheters
-found in urine
what schistosome is a cause of bladder cancer
haematobium
hermaphroditic flukes
-female and male parts
-flatworms and nonsegmented
-operculum
-2nd intermediate host
what is an operculum
opening at one end of parasite; where mature worm leaves the egg
-may cause egg to sink
NO FLOATATION
unisex have ____ intermediate and hermaphroditic have _____ intermediate hosts
1; 2
known as oriental liver fluke
clonorchis sinensis
life cycle of Clonorchis sinensis
1st host- snail
larve leaves snail and encyst as metacercariae in
2nd host- freshwater fish
2nd host for Clonorchis sinensis
freshwater fish
infective form of Clonorchis sinensis
metacercariae
how to get Clonorchis sinensis
eating undercooked fish and metacercariae migrates to liver
dignostic Clonorchis sinensis
egg; operculum at shoulder(wide rim) and knob at other
known as oriental lung fluke
paragonimus westermanni
first and second host of paragonimus westermanni
1- snail
2-crab or crayfish
specimen of choice for paragonimus westermanni
sputum
-may be bloody
diagnostic of paragonimus westermanni
egg; may be operculated
what does egg look like in paragonimus westermanni
thick back of shell and bigger than clonorchis
what can paragonimus westermanni be mistaken as
TB because egg can be destroyed in digest procedure
known as sheep liver fluke
fasciola hepatica
known as large intestinal fluke
fasciola buski
hosts for fasciola hepatica and buski
1- snail
2
hepatica-sheep?
buski- pig and dog?
infective form for fasciola hepatica and buski
metacercariae
how do humans get fasciola hepatica and buski
undercooked water plants
diagnostic for fasciola hepatica and buski
egg
where does f. buski live
small intestine
where does heptica live
bile ducts
where is buski prevalent
pig and dog
-vietnam, thailand, china
where is heptica prevalent
raising sheep
