Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Skills > Flags and Diagnosis > Flashcards

Flags and Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

What does VINDICATE stand for?

A

V - Vascular/Visceral
I - Infection/Inflammatory
N - Neoplasm/Neurological
D - Degenerative
I - Idiopathic/Iatrogenic
C - Congenital
A - Autoimmune
T - Trauma
E - Endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vascular/Visceral - neck pain differential diagnosis

A

Carotid/vertebral artery dissection; stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Infection/Inflammatory - neck pain differential diagnosis

A

Osteomyelitis, RA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Neoplasm/ Neurological - neck pain differential diagnosis

A

Primary, metastatic, Spinal stenosis, disc prolapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Degenerative - neck pain differential diagnosis

A

DJD, spinal stenosis, disc prolapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Congenital - neck pain differential diagnosis

A

transerve & alar ligament abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Trauma - neck pain differential diagnosis

A

fractures, sprain, muscle strain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Endocrine - neck pain differential diagnosis

A

Corticosteroids, osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are Red flags?

A

signs and symptoms that raise suspicion of serious pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cauda equina syndrome - red flags

A

Signs:
- sensory deficit in saddle to light touch and pinprick
- abnormal lower limb neurology

Symptoms:
- sensory change (LL)
- Motor weakness (LL)
- saddle sensory disturbance
- change in ability to achieve an erection or ejaculate
- loss of sensation in genitals
- change in bowel function and or habits
- unilateral/bilateral leg pain
- low back pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fracture - Red Flags

A

Signs:
- bone tenderness
- neurological signs
- spinal or limb deformity
- Contusion or abrasion

Symptoms:
- Thoracic pain
- severe pain
- neurological symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Malignancy - Red Flags

A

Signs:
- Altered sensation from trunk down
- neurological signs
- bony tenderness

Symptoms:
- Severe pain that may become progressive and constant
- Unremitting night or non mechanical pain
- Systemically unwell
- Thoracic pain
- neurological pain
- unexplained weight loss
- unfamiliar back pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Infection - Red Flags

A

Signs:
- neurological signs
- radiculopathy
- bony tenderness

Symptoms:
- Spinal pain
- Neurological symptoms
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Unexplained weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cervical Region Dissection - Red Flags

A

Signs:
- Unsteadiness
- Dysphasia
- Weakness
- Nausea/vomiting
- Facial palsy
- Ptosis
- Loss of consciousness
- Confusion
- Dizziness/Disequilibrium

Symptoms:
- Drowsiness
- HA
- Neck pain
- Visual disturbance
- Paresthesia
- Dizziness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cervical Region Non-Dissection - Red Flags

A

Signs:
- Unsteadiness/ataxia
- Dysphasia
- Weakness
- Nausea/vomiting
- Facial palsy
- Ptosis
- Loss of consciousness
- Confusion
- Drowsiness

Symptoms:
- HA
- Paresthesia
- Viscual disturbance
- Neck pain
- Dizziness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cervical Ligamentous Instability - Red Flags

A
  • Overt loss of balance in relation to head movements
  • Facial lip paresthesia, reproduced by active or passive neck movements
  • Bilateral or quadrilateral limb paresthesia either constant or reproduced by neck movements
  • Nystagmus produced by AROM or PROM
  • Production or aggravation of symptoms due to movement of head/neck
17
Q

Secondary HA disorders - Red Flags

A
  • Systemic symptoms including fever
  • Neoplasm in history
  • Onset of HA is sudden or abrupt
  • Older age (50+)
  • Pattern change or recent onset of HA
  • Positional HA
  • Precipitated by sneezing, coughing or exercise
  • Papilledema
  • Progressive HA or atypical presentation
  • Pregnancy or puerperium
  • painful eye with autonomic features
  • Posttraumatic onset of HA
  • Pathology of immune system such as HIV
  • Painkiller overuse or new drug at onset of HA
18
Q

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm - Red Flag

A

Signs:
- Often, no noticeable signs early stages
- advanced stage abdominal pain, pulsating abdominal mass
- Rupture: sudden onset of intense abdominal pain, drop in BP, SSX of Shock

Symptoms:
- Often no noticeable symptoms in early stages
- persistent back pain
- rupture: sudden onset of intense abdominal pain, drop in BP, SSX of Shock

19
Q

Acute Cardiac event - Red Flags

A

Signs:
- sweating, pallor
- bradycardia, tachycardia

Symptoms:
- SOB
- Fatigue
- Chest pain
- Pain radiating to shoulder, arm or jaw
- upper abdominal discomfort
- nausea
- vomiting
- dizziness
- Palpitations

20
Q

Pain Types

A

Nociceptive pain (most common, potentially harmful stimuli, usually acute

Neuropathic pain (injured neural structures, acute or chronic, increased risk of chronicity)

Nociplastic pain

21
Q

Yellow flags

A

barrier to recovery
anxiety
depression
fear avoidance
catastrophizing

22
Q

Red Flags for Neck pain, signs of Instability, CAD

A
  • new neck pain in older population
  • new onset with history of cancer
  • pain with fever, neck stiffness and meningeal signs
  • night pain
  • progressively worsening
  • neurological signs (nystagmus, vertigo, loss of balance, visual disturbances, difficulty speaking or swallowing)
  • significant trauma

Clinical Skills (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions